Left And Right Brain Essays (668 words) - Cerebrum, Neuroscience

Left And Right Brain Psychology Right Brain, Left Brain The human brain is a miraculous organ. It regulates thought, memory, judgment, personal identity, and other aspects of what is commonly called mind. It also regulates aspects of the body including body temperature, blood pressure, and the activity of internal organs to help the body respond to its environment and to maintain the body's health. In fact, the brain is considered so central to human well-being and survival that the death of the brain is considered in many parts of the world to be equal legally to the death of the person. In the past fifteen years or so there has been a lot of talk of left brain and right brain people. Clearly their are misconceptions and truths about how our brain hemispheres operate. First of all the myth of the left brain and right brain theory. This states that generally people see the left hemisphere of the brain controlling logic and language and the right, creativity and intuition. In addition people differ in their styles of thought, depending on which half of the brain is dominant. Some people believe that most of what these notions state is farce. Next the article explores the history of this fascination of the left and right hemispheres of the brain.. It wasn't until 1962 when Roger W. Sperry began experimenting on certain aspects of the brain that contribute to the truth of the left and right brain theory. Sperry studied people who had undergone surgical division of the corpus callosum, the bridge between the two hemispheres. His studies showed that, an object placed in th e right hand (left hemisphere) could be named readily, but one placed in the left hand (nonverbal right hemisphere) could be neither named nor described. Doreen Kimura. Kimura developed behavioral methods which involved presenting visual stimuli rapidly to either the left or right visual fields. Another important method developed was dichotic listening which centered around the use of sound to study the hemispheres. Through these tests and the continual study the theory that the left brain controlled ended. Instead a new theory was born known as the two-brain theory. This said that at different times one of the two hemispheres would be operating. An example of this is that the right hemisphere is in control when an artist paints but the left hemisphere was in control when a novelist wrote a book. This theory failed because of one physical studies showed that people with hemispheres surgically disconnected could operate in everyday life. Also, research demonstrated that each hemisphere had its own functional expertise, and that the two halves were complementary. There are five pionts two each hemisphere. 1. The two hemispheres are so similar that when they are disconnected by split-brain surgery, each can function remarkably well, although quite imperfectly 2. Although they are remarkably similar they are also different. The differences are seen in contrasting contributions. Each hemisphere contributes something to every action a person takes. 3. Logic is not confined to the left hemisphere. Although dominant in the left logic is present in the right hemisphere. 4. There is no evidence that either creativity or intuition is an exclusive property of the right hemisphere. 5. Since the two hemispheres do not function independently, and since each hemisphere contributes its special capacities to all cognitive activities, it is quite impossible to educate one hemisphere at a time in a normal brain. Through my research I came to the conclusion that people are not purely left or right brained. There is a continuum in which the hemispheres work together in harmony. Often the left or right hemisphere is more active in some people but it is never the sole operator. We have a single brain that generates a single mental self. , but merely somewhere on the scale between left and right brain. Some of us are extreme left, few extreme right and most in the middle leaning left a bit (this is where I fell). Psychology

It Isnt About Luck

It Isnt About Luck You were lucky to have FundsforWriters to sell your books. I dont have that luxury. I hear this so much, in one version or another. First of all, there is no serious luck in this business. Its a matter of constantly putting yourself out there in terms of writing, publishing, appearing, working social media, fighting to be current, taking chances. There is no one right way or best way, only the way that happens to work for you at that moment in time. Frankly, I started FundsforWriters because I could NOT sell my mysteries. I wanted to be a writer and make an income from writing, so I figured any sort of reputable recognition could only help me in becoming a professional writer. As someone who loved stringing words, I walked through whatever door opened for me, wrote whatever might help me take one step further in my career. However, I had my conditions and parameters in who I wrote for and what I wrote and how I proceeded: 1) Markets had to pay. Even as a beginner, I recognized that being paid mattered not only in my pocketbook but also in the eyes of editors I pitched. They knew who paid and who didnt, and that mattered in their judgment of me. I wrote a column once for nothing, hoping to aid my resume, but after several issues, when the editor still could not afford to pay, I stepped away. And I learned that nobody cared that Id written that column. 2) I had to build and retain a following. I couldnt just write and build up credits. I had to have someplace to flaunt those credits (website, then social media) and some means to retain those people who read my work and liked it (newsletter). 3) Repetition matters. I wanted to become Google-able, which meant frequent and reputable appearances. If I wasnt on the first page of a Google search for my name, I strived to submit to enough magazines, websites, newsletters, and blogs to improve my search ranking. A book a year wasnt going to work. 4) Quality matters. Its a given that your writing quality matters, but be careful where you make your appearances. I wish I knew way back when what I know now about that. I wouldve been a tad more selective in some instances as to whom I wrote for. You might be new. You might be a struggling mid-lister. You might be seasoned and coming back into the fold, trying to remain pertinent. Fight to present yourself as strong, diligent, and reliable. Keep putting yourself out there, but dont give it away. People will respect you so much more.

K-12 and Technology Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

K-12 and Technology - Research Paper Example The paper answers the question why technology sources in K-12 curriculums need to be referenced. Keywords: K-12, curriculum, technology, integration, reference. Why Should a Curriculum (K-12) Reference Technology Sources? The positive effects of technologies on student achievement are widely documented. The importance of integrating technologies into K-12 curriculums and their implications for student learning was described in abundance. Instructional technologies are altering the curriculum design landscape and have a potential to enhance the quality of knowledge and learning in K-12. However, not everyone agrees that K-12 curriculums should reference technology sources. Part of the reason is that the benefits of using technologies in the classroom are taken for granted, whereas the importance of having these technologies integrated into K-12 curriculums is either underestimated or simply overlooked.... This is probably because many teachers fail to estimate the scope of instructional technologies and their role in achieving the desired learning outcomes. Contrary to public beliefs, instructional technologies are not limited to computers. More importantly, no instructional technology is possible without a philosophy underlying it (Gulbahar, 2007). Apart from the fact that referencing technologies in K-12 curriculum is important for student achievement, it is also essential to effective technology planning. The latter is required to choose the appropriate technology and guarantee that the instructional program is adapted to fit in the available technology opportunities. Referencing technology sources in K-12 curriculum is a fundamental component of productive educational leadership and contributes to the success of instructional endeavors in K-12 classes (Gulbanar, 2007). Barriers to using technologies in K-12 curriculums have been extensively documented. The six barriers to accessin g and using technologies in K-12 curriculums include stakeholder attitudes, availability of technologies, technical support, stakeholder development, time, and funding (Hew & Brush, 2007). Teachers are either bound to limit the use of technologies in the classroom or must begin with simpler technologies. With the lack of technologies in classroom settings come other problems, related to the integration of these technologies with K-12 curriculums. Therefore, referencing technology sources in K-12 curricula is important to ensure their successful integration with the instruction and effective use in the classroom settings. It should be noted, that curriculum is one of the crucial

Macrowritten1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Macrowritten1 - Essay Example Real GDP (adjusted) is based on the prices of the products and services produced in a year that have been adjusted with inflation and deflation to perfectly predict the decrease or increase in production for comparison of the economic development from year to year. It is calculated in relation to price index of a given particular year (Experimental Economics Centre, 2006). For economic policy makers, real GDP hold enhanced importance compared to the use of nominal GDP. The inflation and deflation need to be considered while calculating the exact outcome of the economic performance of a country in a given year. This will depict the actual growth or decline in the performance of the economy and would help in formulating plans for future developments of the economy. It will also help the government in preparation of the fiscal policy. GDP is calculated only for the gross count of products and services that are purchased and sold with no difference between transactions that sums up to the well being and those that diminishes it. It assumes that every economic contract adds to well being but actually it is not so. GDP overlooks everything that occurs outside the sphere of monetized exchanges despite its significant contribution to well being. The crucial household performance and the sector of volunteer services are completely neglected. The significant contribution of the elder care, childcare and other home based tasks and volunteer works in the community are not taken into consideration in the GDP as those do not involve monetary transactions. When the non-market economy declines and the function shifts to monetized sector, GDP represents such activities as economic advancement. There is a rise in GDP temporarily, but the debt needs to be repaid as it becomes a burden for the economy. The GDP breaches the essential accounting principles by treating the exhaustion of natural capital as income, rather than as the decrease of an asset.

Issues and results of the second Vatican council Essay

Issues and results of the second Vatican council - Essay Example It opened under Pope John XXIII in 1962 and closed under Pope Paul VI in 1965. It was a response to the changing culture of the post World War II world and a call to the spiritual renewal of the church. Even after all these years, the results of Vatican II continue to be debated and it has its supporters and its critics. It remains a bone of contention for theologians and Catholics, as it is subject to various interpretations. Traditionalists see Vatican II as a departure from the earlier beliefs and practices of the church and condemn the break with the past. Supporters see it as a step in the right direction and as a much-needed move to bring the church in step with the modern world. The opposing positions show that â€Å"Its champions, in many cases, see it as having liberated Catholics from a long night of oppression, thus restoring to the people of God their rightful liberties. Its detractors blame it for shattering the unity and order of the church and introducing an era of co ntestation and doubt† (Dulles, 2003). However, whatever may be the stand taken, it cannot be denied that Vatican II ushered in a new era in the history of the Church and has far-reaching implications for practicing Catholics today. ... It can be seen as the decision of the Church to â€Å"throw in their lot with all the forces making for humanization and progress† (Dulles, 2003). As O’Malley (2003) points out, the language used by Vatican II is a marked departure from that of earlier Church canons. It rejects the authoritarian, judgmental style of the past for a speaking style which conforms to contemporary communication. By opening channels of communication with all people, including non-believers, Vatican II ensures that the Church retains its relevance as a political and religious force to be reckoned with in today’s multicultural, diverse society. A refusal to engage in dialogue would result is a fortress-like mentality and effectively isolate the Church from the affairs of the world. Such isolation would definitely be â€Å"to the detriment of the church's mission† (Dulles, 2003). Vatican II attempts to see that its message â€Å"is extended and broadened to the entire world† (Pope Paul VI Closing Speech, 1965). By proclaiming its readiness to enter into a dialogue, and remain open to diverse viewpoints, Vatican II ensures that the Church can be a legitimate participant in international deliberations and contribute to finding solutions to the problems which beset the world. The purpose of the dialogue is to express the Church’s solidarity with all men, including non-believers. This objective of Vatican II is reiterated by Pope Francis in his recent address to the Diplomatic Corps, in which he expresses his wish that dialogue will help â€Å"to build bridges connecting all people† (Pope Francis, 2013). Pope Francis’ â€Å"embrace of the world† is a true reflection of the spirit of Vatican

Overview of the Grace-Fo Satellite Mission

Overview of the Grace-Fo Satellite Mission The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On: An Overview An artist depiction of the GRACE satellite configuration (Sharing, 2017) The field of remote sensing is continuously expanding and adapting to yield new information about the earth and its complex systems. Modern satellite technology has expanded to be able to monitor spatial and temporal variations in Earths global gravity field (Schutze, 2016). The ability to monitor the Earths geoid now allows scientists to understand changes in hydrological characteristics on the surface of the planet including ice mass loss due to climate change and sea level rise (NASA JPL, 2017). The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and its follow-on mission represent the application of this new technology that is essential for obtaining new data about global mass redistribution. The GRACE-FO mission will offer benefits due its use of active sensors and new technological inputs, but with any satellite system, there will be sources of error and challenges in design and data usage. The first GRACE mission was launched in 2002 as a result of the combined efforts of the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the Helmholtz Centre Potsdam German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ) with assistance from partner institutions of both leading agencies (Schutze, 2016). The primary goal of the mission was to provide a new model of Earths gravity field every 30 days (Schlepp et al., 2015). Two identical satellites comprise the system with one trailing behind the other by 220km in a sun-synchronous orbit (Wahr, 2007). The satellites fly in a low polar orbit of 450 km and, the system circles the Earth every 90 minutes (Schutze, 2015). Spatial variations in Earths gravity field lead to different accelerations in the two satellites and therefore, differing inter-satellite separation (Schutze, 2016). Therefore, the GRACE mission is different than many other earth observation satellite missions because it does not make measurements of electromagnetic ener gy reflected back to it from Earths surface. The distance between the two satellites serves as the source of data. Also, uniquely, the satellites are left mostly without intervention to their orbit unless they separate by less than 170 km and more than 250 km (Sheard et al., 2012). Illustration of the positions of the two GRACE satellites in response to variations in Earths gravity field; a)The two satellites pass over the ocean and neither is affected; b)The lead spacecraft encounters a change in gravity over the more dense land mass and pulls away from the trailing spacecraft; c)The lead spacecraft moves back over water but now the trailing spacecraft changes position in response to the greater pull of gravity over the land mass (Ward, 2003) The first GRACE mission was only planned to run for 5 years, but far exceeded this as it is now in its 15th year of operation. The batteries in each satellite are fatiguing and accurate data is increasingly available in more irregular intervals (Gà ¶rth et al., 2016). As a result, NASA and the GFZ created a follow-on mission to prevent data gaps (Schlepp et al., 2015). The follow-on was approved for launch in August 2017 and is known simply as the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On (GRACE-FO) mission (Schlepp et al., 2015). The primary objective for this mission is the same as the previous; to create monthly global gravity models for five years (Sharing Earth Observation Resources, 2017). The GRACE-FO mission will use some of the key sensor technology and overall design of the first GRACE mission, but will also include unique features. The same two-satellite design will remain but the inter-satellite distance will be reduced from 220 km to 50 km (Zheng and Xu, 2015).   Several very important pieces of equipment will carry over from the first mission to each of the GRACE-FO satellites but will see improvements in design. This includes a microwave instrument (MWI) dependent on Global Positioning System (GPS) technology. The MWI system measures the distance between the satellites centers of mass and slight changes in distance represent gravitational changes (Tapley, 2008). A very sensitive accelerometer meant to measure the forces acting on the satellites besides gravity including atmospheric drag will also remain (Tapley, 2008). There were previous accelerometer errors and satellite-to-satellite measurement errors that will be reduced by the lower altitude and up dates in design on the follow-on mission (Loomis, Nerem, and Luthcke, 2012). The microwave ranging system employed can measure the distance between satellites to within one micron or about the diameter of one human blood cell (NASA JPL, 2017). It is known as a KBR system because it utilizes microwaves in the K (26 GHz) and Ka (32 GHz) frequency channels (Jiang et al., 2014). Distance measurements between the two satellites are taken by monitoring the time of flight of microwave signals transmitted and received nearly simultaneously between the two spacecraft (Bao et al., 2005). Previously collected data and models created by scientists based on known gravitational differences linked to mountains and ocean trenches, the location of the sun, and the flow of the tides are compared to new measurements of the satellites to interpret gravitational changes (NASA JPL, 2017).   Also, the GPS unit on board is used in tandem with the MWI to be able to understand the gravity field below and can accurately assign capture time to data (Sheard et al., 2012). The accelerometer can then measure non-gravitational forces affecting the satellite as previously mentioned including atmospheric drag and solar radiation pressure (Schutze, 2016). These additional forces are then subtracted from measurements taken by the MWI. At the low altitude of orbit of GRACE comes changing solar radiation and large thermal disturbances to on-board instruments (Schutze, 2016). As a result, one improvement to the accelerometer on the GRACE-FO satellites will be placing the measurement digitalization unit in a temperature controlled area of the spacecraft to prevent temperature variation that can make data inaccurate (Christophe et al., 2015). The FO mission will include new technology known as a laser interferometer that will make measures that are at least 25 times more precise than the on-board microwave ranging system due to shorter wavelength usage (Sharingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦, 2017). The LRI uses an active transponder principle, which means that the weak incoming received (RX) beam to the trailing satellite is replaced by a strong local oscillator (LO) beam. The LO beam is then reflected back to the lead satellite by a Triple Mirror Assembly (TMA) which directs the beam and influences the amount of light returned (Fledderman et al., 2014). It also serves to effectively route the incoming beam around other important hardware pieces (Fledderman et al., 2014). The use of the new laser interferometer represents the first time an active laser ranging system will be operated between two spacecraft (NASA JPL, 2017). However, the microwave system will remain intact to ensure continuity of data from the first mission and the use of interferometer represents only a technology demonstration (Sharingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦, 2017). While some studies found the LRI technology could greatly increase the accuracy of gravity data, others found that there would be only moderate improvements in the accuracy models (Flechtner et al., 2015). However, seeing the results of the two systems as they operate simultaneously will create meaningful data for the planning of future of gravity field missions. The GRACE-1 mission allowed for new breakthroughs in the fields of hydrology, oceanography, glaciology, geophysics, and geodesy (Sharingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦, 2017). Since gravity is determined by mass, the GRACE systems have the capability to show how mass is distributed around the planet (Sharingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦, 2017). However, GRACE has and will continue to have no vertical resolution and can therefore, not distinguish between surface water, soil moisture, and ground water (Bolton and Thomas, 2015). Land surface models therefore allow for the disaggregation of Terrestrial Water Storage (TWS) data by separating these data into layers with known points of distinction (Bolton and Thomas, 2015). For example, in a study of the High Plains region of the US, the variability of snow and surface water were found to make insignificant contributions to TWS variability compared to groundwater and soil moisture changes (Ward, 2003). Therefore, removing moisture data known from previous studies of th e region allowed scientists to subtract these figures from the GRACE gravitational measurements to understand changes in groundwater levels over time (Ward, 2003). Over time, improvements in GRACE data processing have allowed for the detection of changes in TWS within 1.5 cm accuracies for a wide range of spatial and seasonal scales (Jiang et al., 2014). (Ward, 2003) Measuring changes in global mass distribution can help scientists across many disciplines. GRACE data has also been used to observe increases and decreases in the ice and snow masses of glaciers and changes to the solid Earth following seismic activity such as the Fukushima earthquake of 2011 in Japan (Flechtner et al., 2016). Ocean water elevation changes caused by the devastating 2004 Sumatra tsunami had an impact of the inter-satellite distance of the GRACE satellites and showed how oceanic mass redistribution can affect Earths gravity field (Bao et al., 2005). Due to the relatively low spatial resolution of GRACE data, it is more useful for monitoring large-scale terrestrial water changes such as in past studies of the entire Amazon Basin or India (Bolton and Thomas, 2015). Other applications include flood and drought monitoring for management projects and interventions (Bolton and Thomas, 2015).   For example, the US National Drought Mitigation Center uses GRACE data mont hly to generate drought indicators and monitor surface water changes (NASA JPL, 2016). GRACE data also allows for the study of changes in deep ocean currents by measuring pressure changes at great depths. Similar pressure changes in the structure of the solid earth can be studied as well (NASA JPL, 2016). Trends in TWS and water mass redistribution made possible from GRACE data from 2002-2013 (Bolton and Thomas, 2015) One of the benefits of an active satellite system such as the GRACE-1 and GRACE-FO compared to passive systems is that it can collect accurate data 24 hours per day because it creates its own source of electromagnetic energy (Schowengerdt, 2006). Also, the use of microwaves in the GRACE missions means that data is not affected by any type of cloud cover which often greatly affects accurate passive sensor data acquisition because the system only considers inter-satellite distance and GPS location for data retrieval. Active sensors dependent on microwave signals like on the GRACE missions are unique in their capabilities. The launch of the first GRACE mission allowed for data on earths geoid that was 100 to 1000 times more accurate than previous models could estimate depending on the region of the global under consideration (Ward, 2003). GRACE data has also allowed scientists to under the impact of global climate change based on mass redistribution of water around the globe in a comprehensive and consistent manner never previously achieved. With more accurate data from the GRACE-FO mission and the security of continued data creation, changes caused by climate change will continue to be monitored and planning for issues such as drought can be improved. However, compared to passive system data, the analysis of data is more complex and costly overall. The data output of the GRACE systems also requires a lot of manipulation and filtering to create meaningful datasets for a variety of disciplines. The microwave region of the electromagnetic spectrum is far from the visible region and therefore, the resulting data is also less intuitive for human interpretation (Schowengerdt, 2006). The raw data outputs for GRACE are just inter-satellite distance measurements and GPS data about satellite location (Ward, 2003). Therefore, improvements in satellite technology components alone will not improve the data created by GRACE. Improvements also need to be made to the many geophysical models used in data processing (Loomis, Nerem, and Luthcke, 2012). For example, a complete global depiction of the earths gravity field is only available every 30 days while forces such as tidal shifts can change on a minute-to-minute basis. This difference creates an issue in which short-term differences are lost or their impact is underestimated (Sheard et al., 2012). Therefore, understanding gravitational influences not directly linked to mass balance changes is essential. Models of gravity field anomalies on earths geoid created by comparing GRACE data from two different temporal scales (Ward, 2003) Models based on GRACE data are also limited by the noise present in the system data. This noise is linked to instrument errors, uncertainties in background models, and limitations in processing strategies (Siemes et al., 2013). In order to make meaningful measurements of mass changes on the earth using GRACE data, the noise of resulting models needs to be kept at a minimum, usually accomplished by applying filters (Siemes et al., 2013). However, when one problem is solved, another potentially arises. Filtering suppresses noise and blurs the signal, limiting the spatial resolution so much that part of the leak may affect nearby regions and cause errors in mass redistribution data (Siemes et al, 2013). However, more complex filtering methods have been developed to also minimize the blurring of data. Also, the spatial resolution of GRACE data is ultimately limited (Siemes et al., 2013). The spatial range for very accurate GRACE data application was 400km to 40,000 km for the first mission (Tapley, 2008). The strength of GRACE data therefore lies in an ability to monitor mass changes over time rather than to understand the water storage in one area at a specific time. However, there is potential for the lower altitude of the GRACE-FO mission and the LRI technology utilization of shorter wavelengths to allow for higher spatial resolution. The GRACE mission have shown that the use of active sensor technology on earth system satellite missions that utilizes microwave laser instruments and likely laser interferometers is incredibly efficient at understanding changes in earths geoid. With the launch of the GRACE-FO mission later this year, even more accurate measurements and greater understanding of mass redistribution of water around the planet will be possible. Despite the rapidly changing and unpredictable political climate of the United States government, the launch of the GRACE-FO mission seems undeterred and the collection of important data related to climate change-related issues will continue to be gathered. References Bao, L.F., Piatanesi, A., Lu, Y., Hsu, H.T., and Zhou, X.H. (2005) Sumatra tsunami affects observations by GRACE satellites. Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, 86(39), 353-356. Bolton, J. and Thomas, B. (2015) Overview of the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) data and applications. NASA Applied Remote Sensing Training (ARSET). Powerpoint Presentation. http://www.cazalac.org/mwar_lac/fileadmin/imagenes2/Remote_Sensing/S5P1.pdf [2.3.17]. Christophe, Boulanger, Foulon, Huynh, Lebat, Liorzou, and Perrot. (2015) A new generation of ultra-sensitive electrostatic accelerometers for GRACE Follow-on and towards the next generation gravity missions. Acta Astronautica, 117, 1-7. Flechtner, F., Neumayer, K., Dahle, C., Dobslaw, H., Fagiolini, E., Raimondo, J., and Gà ¼ntner, A. (2016) What can be expected from the GRACE-FO laser ranging interferometer for earth science applications? Surveys in Geophysics, 37(2), 453-470. doi:10.1007/s10712-015-9338-y. Fleddermann, Ward, Elliot, Wuchenich, Gilles, Herding, . . . Shaddock. (2014) Testing the GRACE follow-on triple mirror assembly. Classical and Quantum Gravity, 31(19), 12. Gà ¶rth, A., Sanjuan, J., Gohlke, M., Rasch, S., Abich, K., Braxmaier, C., and Heinzel, G. (2016) Test environments for the GRACE follow-on laser ranging interferometer. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 716(1), 4. Jiang, D., Huang, Y., Fu, J., Wang, J., Ding, X., and Zhou, K. (2014) The review of GRACE data applications in terrestrial hydrology monitoring. Advances in Meteorology, 2014, Vol.2014. Loomis, Bryant D., Nerem, R. S., and Luthcke, S. B. (2012) Simulation study of a follow-on gravity mission to GRACE.(Report). Journal of Geodesy, 86(5), 319. NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). (2016). Applications overview. NASA. GRACE Tellus: Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment. https://grace.jpl.nasa.gov/applications/overview/ [2.3.17]. . (2017) GRACE-FO. NASA. GRACE Tellus: Gravity Recovery Climate Experiment. https://grace.jpl.nasa.gov/mission/grace-fo/ [2.3.17]. Schlepp B., Kirschner M., Sweetser T.H., Klipstein W.M., Dubovitsky S., (2015). Flight Dynamics Challenges for the GRACE Follow-On Mission. 25th International Symposium on Space Flight Dynamics (ISSFD). http://elib.dlr.de/98835/1/ISSFD2015_FD%20Challenges%20for-20GRACE-FO_Schlepp.pdf [2.3.17]. Schowengerdt, R. (2006) Remote Sensing [electronic resource] : Models and Methods for Image Processing (3rd ed.). Burlington: Elsevier Science, 204-243. Schà ¼tze, D. (2016) Measuring Earth: Current status of the GRACE Follow-On Laser Ranging Interferometer. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 716(1), 6. . (2015) LISA technology sheds light on climate change: GRACE-FO mission. LISA Mission. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tb29hD3OgFw [2.3.17]. Sharing Earth Observation Resources. (2017) GRACE-FO (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On)/ GFO (GRACE Follow-On). EO Portal Directory. https://directory.eoportal.org/web/eoportal/satellite-missions/g/grace-fo [2.3.17]. Sheard, B., Heinzel, S., Danzmann, G., Shaddock, K., Klipstein, D., and Folkner, A. (2012) Intersatellite laser ranging instrument for the GRACE follow-on mission. Journal of Geodesy, 86(12), 1083-1095. Siemes, C., Ditmar, P., Riva, R., Slobbe, E., Liu, M., and Farahani, D. (2013) Estimation of mass change trends in the Earths system on the basis of GRACE satellite data, with application to Greenland. Journal of Geodesy, 87(1), 69-87. Tapley, B. (2008) Gravity model determination from the GRACE mission. The Journal of the Astronautical Sciences, 56(3), 273-285. Wahr, J. (2007) Time Variable Gravity from Satellites-3.08. In Treatise on Geophysics, 218. Ward, A. (2003) Weighing earths water from space: challenges and limitations to using the GRACE technique. NASA Earth observatory. http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/WeighingWater/printall.php [7.3.17]. Zheng Wei and Xu Houze. (2015) Progress in satellite gravity recovery from implemented CHAMP, GRACE and GOCE and future GRACE follow-on missions. Geodesy and Geodynamics, 6(4), 241-247. doi:10.1016/j.geog.2015.05.005

Irony in Oedipus the King Essay -- Oedipus the King Oedipus Rex

Irony in Oedipus the King      Ã‚   When Sophocles wrote Oedipus the King, he knew that his audience would have some idea as to the outcome, his tale being a Greek tragedy which follows a strict form. Not wanting to write a predictable, bland play, Sophocles used this knowledge to his advantage and created various situations in which dramatic irony plays a key role. Dramatic irony is present when the tragic truth is revealed to the audience before it is revealed to the characters within the story. Through this use of irony, Sophocles succeeds in telling a fresh tale. Even though the audience knows how the story will end, they are intrigued by the presence of irony. By crafting irony into his tale, Sophocles gives the reader a desire to see how Oedipus is going to mentally react to the events that are sure to transpire.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Oedipus is self-confident, intelligent, and strong willed. Ironically these are the very traits which bring about his tragic discovery.   Because of these traits Oedipus was able to solve the riddle given to him by the Sphinx.   When this riddle was solved he acquired great popularity and power.  Ã‚   He was then challanged into a riddle of his own where he had to find out the truth of his past and the fate of his future.   By solving this riddle he lost all the power and glory, left to be exiled and become a beggar in another land.   If Oedipus had not been so determined to escape and prevent the prophecy by the Oracle, he would not have fulfilled it. Possibly, he was doomed to fulfill the prophecy because he believed he could avoid it. Nevertheless, his fate was sealed by his actions of pride and determination. His pride of conquering the Sphinx led him to the marriage of Jocasta, his mother. Whe... ... truth, whereas when he blinded himself he knew the full truth of what the oracles had said. Sophocles successfully attained his objective in "Oedipus the King" through the use of dramatic irony.   Works Cited and Consulted: Abrams, M. H. A Glossary of Literary Terms, 7th ed. New York: Harcourt Brace College Publishers, 1999. Ehrenberg, Victor. "Sophoclean Rulers: Oedipus." In Twentieth Century Interpretations of Oedipus Rex, edited by Michael J. O'Brien. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1968. Sophocles. Oedipus Rex. Transl. by F. Storr. no pag. Available:   http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/etcbin/browse-mixednew?tag=public&images=images/modeng&data=/texts/english/modeng/parsed&part=0&id=SopOedi Yaeger, Werner. "Sophocles' Master of Dramatic Irony." In Readings on Sophocles, edited by Don Nardo. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 1997.   

Marketing and Variable Cost Variances Essay

(a) Refer to the Kinkead templates provided on the unit website. Template (A) calculates the market size, market share, sales mix, sales price and variable cost variances for each product and, Template (B) calculates the market size, market share, sales price, and variable cost variances for each product. Which analysis is most appropriate for Kinkead? A or B? Give reasons. Templete (b) What strategy is electric meters and electric instruments pursuing? ‘Dog’, ‘Cash cow’, ‘Star’, or ‘Question mark’. Analysing the relationship between the BCG matrix and the product of Kinkead, market share and market growth are the considerable reason to measure. Kinkead’s products are grouped into two main product lines which are electric meters(EM) and electric instruments(EI). First, for the EM product, according to template, the variance of the size of the market is unfavorable, the size of the market because their budget is 800000, but the actual market size of 650000, it does not implement the expectations. The EM market share difference to 0, with 10% constant of the actual and budgeted position, it will not change. Therefore, they are a cash cow. Therefore, EM is the Cash Cow. Additionally, the Kinkead has been a leading Australia firm, and EM is the older but still dominant technology. Followed by EI table EI of the variance of the size of the market for 374,464 budgets, the size of the market for 250,000, lower than the actual market size of 363,500, more than expected. The market share variance is 241,321 Unfavorable which has decrease from 10% to 8%. Therefore, EI is question mark. In addition, EI’s future is uncertain, because from the case it says EI technology is new and still experimental. (c) What aspects of performance are important for a product pursuing each of those strategies and which variances reflect those aspects of performance? (d) Critically evaluate the performance of the two divisions.

A Critical Response to the Article The Bond that Students and Teachers Share

A Critical Response to the Article The Bond that Students and Teachers Share Introduction/Summary â€Å"The Bond that Students and Teachers Share† is an article written by Souad Jamal Al Serkal and was published in the Gulf news on March 19 2005.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on A Critical Response to the Article â€Å"The Bond that Students and Teachers Share† specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The writer, a student explores the aspect of cultural diversity in the field of learning by taking the views of stakeholders in cosmopolitan centers of learning with the aim of understanding several aspects such as the effect that cultural diversity has on students. He seeks to clarify whether a student is able to imbibe on the teacher’s culture and whether diversity, as far as culture is concerned, makes any sense at all. By interviewing experienced teachers and students who seem to have a first hand information concerning this, the writer interrogates them on the aforeme ntioned aspects. Hala Al Midfa, a teacher in the American university of Dubai, is one of the key respondents to the inquiry by the writer of this article, owing to her conversancy on the issue of cultural diversity. On the part of students, the writer uses Ryazan Badri as a respondent since he is a good example to use in explaining cultural diversity. He is a Syrian, born in the United States and studying in Dubai. He is for the opinion that, learning from people who are from a diverse culture gives them the opportunity to learn to the maximum. Most students hold this view. Other students have the view that, the idea of having teachers from diverse cultures, is a sure way of ensuring that students learn a lot, enhancing multi-cultural coexistence in the institutions of learning. Critical Response to the Article The article ‘The Bond that Students and Teachers Share’ gives a shallow insight into the aspect of cultural diversity and the whole idea of the relationship betw een students and teachers. This is viewed with consideration to the different aims of the learning process such as affecting knowledge on the side of the teachers. The writer’s choice of the respondents might somehow suffer cultural influence with regard to the other aspects of diversity such as religious views. Since he was writing this article in a cosmopolitan place such as Dubai, he should have gotten a teacher or a student from another religious affiliation to put emphasis on the credibility, which lacks in this article. Jamal in this article considers the views on cultural diversity from the perspectives of teachers, administrators and the students (Al Serkal, 2005, p.6). The views of Dr Hala Al Midfa hold in that, in order to breach the gaps between a teacher, who happens to be from a different cultural background and students of diverse cultures, the teacher can as well employ a teaching strategy that will enable the dissolution of such differences.Advertising Looking for critical writing on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This can as well be in the manner the teacher elaborates on issues in the classroom. As Hudson (2005) puts it, the diversities that exist between the students as well as the teachers contribute to the varying understanding or configuration of what people talk about in different ways (p.14). Teachers should therefore be able to come up with teaching methods or ways of elaborating on issues that is universally acceptable and naturally strengthens the bond between the two parties. There are however, other important aspects that this article fails to address that can help in achieving the same results depicted by Dr Hala. These include student-oriented solutions intended at dealing with aspects such as stereotyping which enhances negative ethnicity. Nazzal Yousuf, in his depiction of what makes the quintessential international outfit in a university, tal ks about such issues as the organization of the faculty, the university’s contacts abroad, as well as the style used by teachers in teaching. He however fails to address on how to handle the aspect of cultural diversity in the university. This strengthens the bond between the students and the teachers whereby students gain knowledge from teachers without any interference that can result from cultural intolerances. The student’s perspective is seemingly credible considering the choice of the contributors to this article. For instance, Ryazan Badri has the experience in dealing with people from different ethnic orientations considering his background. His elaboration however seems to lean more on the discipline of business studies considering that, there are other disciplines, which interrogate and confront the issue of cultural diversity at length. According to Zeichner (1993), some disciplines such as social sciences and arts engage more, the aspects of cultural divers ities (p.34) and the writer could have gotten at least a representative to shed more light on this. Conclusion The response from the students seem to have one thing in common: they have never faced a teacher who fails in addressing the issue of cultural diversity. This article is quite partisan considering that in a society such as the learning institutions these teachers do exist. The writer does not put a personal input into the article, which could have also worked in shading some more light on the issue he intends to discuss. This makes this article less analytical since the writer does not question some of the views put forth by the respondents some of which are questionable or need further clarification and elaboration like those of Nazzal.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on A Critical Response to the Article â€Å"The Bond that Students and Teachers Share† specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Refer ence List Al Serkal, J. (2005). The Bond That Students and Teachers Share. New York: Word Press. Hudson, J. (2005). Strategies for Teachers. Des Moines: Drake University Press. Zeichner, A. (1993). Effective teacher Education. London: Oxford University Press.

USS Indiana BB-58 World War II Battleship

USS Indiana BB-58 World War II Battleship USS Indiana (BB-58) Overview Nation:  United StatesType:  BattleshipShipyard: Newport News ShipbuildingLaid Down: November 20, 1939Launched: November 21, 1941Commissioned: April 30, 1942Fate:  Sold for scrap, 1963 Specifications Displacement:  35,000  tonsLength: 680 ft.Beam:  107.8 ft.Draft: 29.3 ft.Propulsion:  30,000 hp, 4 x steam turbines, 4 x propellersSpeed:  27 knotsComplement: 1,793 men Armament Guns 9 Ãâ€" 16 in.  Mark 6 guns (3 x triple turrets)20 Ãâ€" 5 in dual-purpose guns Aircraft 2 x aircraft Design Construction In 1936, as design of the North Carolina-class moved towards completion, the US Navys General Board gathered to address the two battleships that were to be funded in Fiscal Year 1938.   Though the group preferred constructing two additional North Carolinas, Chief of Naval Operations Admiral William H. Standley favored pursuing a new design.   As a result, building of these vessels was delayed to FY1939 as naval architects began work in March 1937.   While the first two ships were formally ordered on April 4, 1938, a second pair of vessels was added two months later under the  Deficiency Authorization which passed due to rising global tensions.   Though the escalator clause of the Second London Naval Treaty had been invoked permitting the new design to mount 16 guns, Congress required that the vessels stay within the 35,000 ton limit set by the earlier Washington Naval Treaty. In planning for the new South Dakota-class, naval architects created a wide array of designs for consideration.   A central challenge proved to be finding ways to improve upon the North Carolina-class but remain within the tonnage limit.   The answer was the design of a shorter, by around 50 feet, battleship that utilized an inclined armor system.   This provided better underwater protection than earlier vessels.   As fleet commanders called for vessels capable of 27 knots, naval architects worked to find a way to achieve this despite the reduced hull length.   This was solved through the creative layout of machinery, boilers, and turbines.   For armament, the South Dakotas matched the North Carolinas in carrying nine Mark 6 16 guns in three triple turrets with a secondary battery of twenty dual-purpose 5 guns.   These guns were supplemented by an extensive and constantly evolving array of anti-aircraft weapons.   Assigned to Newport News Shipbuilding, the second ship of the class, USS Indiana (BB-58), was laid down on November 20, 1939.   Work on the battleship progressed and it entered the water on November 21, 1941, with Margaret Robbins, daughter of Indiana Governor Henry F. Schricker, serving as sponsor.   As building moved toward completion, the US entered World War II following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.   Commissioned on April 30, 1942, Indiana commenced service with Captain Aaron S. Merrill in command.   Journey to the Pacific Steaming north,  Indiana  conducted its shakedown operations in and around Casco Bay, ME before receiving orders to join Allied forces in the Pacific.   Transiting the Panama Canal, the battleship made for the South Pacific where it was attached Rear Admiral Willis A. Lees battleship force on November 28.   Screening the carriers USS  Enterprise  (CV-6) and USS Saratoga  (CV-3),  Indiana  supported Allied efforts in the Solomon Islands.   Engaged in this area until October 1943, the battleship then withdrew to Pearl Harbor to prepare for a campaign in the Gilbert Islands.   Leaving port on November 11,  Indiana  covered the American carriers during the invasion of Tarawa later that month.    In January 1944, the battleship bombarded Kwajalein in the days prior to the Allied landings.   On the night of February 1,  Indiana  collided with USS  Washington  (BB-56) while maneuvering to refuel destroyers.   The accident saw Washington  hit and scrape down the after portion of  Indianas starboard side.   In the aftermath of the incident,  Indianas commander, Captain James M. Steele, admitted to being out of position and was relieved of his post.   Returning to Majuro,  Indiana  made temporary repairs before proceeding to Pearl Harbor for additional work.   The battleship remained out of action until April while  Washington, whose bow was severely damaged,  did not rejoin the fleet until May.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Island Hopping Sailing with Vice Admiral Marc Mitschers Fast Carrier Task Force, Indiana screened the carriers during raids against Truk on April 29-30.   After bombarding Ponape on May 1, the battleship proceeded to the Marianas the following month to support the invasions of Saipan and Tinian.   Pounding targets on Saipan on June 13-14, Indiana aided in repelling air attacks two days later.   On June 19-20, it supported the carriers during the victory at the Battle of the Philippine Sea.   With the end of the campaign, Indiana moved on to attack targets in the Palau Islands in August and protected the carriers as they raided into the Philippines a month later.   Receiving orders for an overhaul, the battleship departed and entered Puget Sound Naval Shipyard on October 23.   The timing of this work led it to miss the pivotal Battle of Leyte Gulf. With the completion work in the yard, Indiana sailed and reached Pearl Harbor on December 12.   Following refresher training, the battleship rejoined combat operations and bombarded Iwo Jima on January 24 while en route to Ulithi.   Arriving there, it put to sea a short time later to assist in the invasion of Iwo Jima.   While operating around the island, Indiana and the carriers raided north to strike targets in Japan on February 17 and 25.   Replenishing at Ulithi in early March, the battleship then sailed as part of the force tasked with the invasion of Okinawa.   After supporting the landings on April 1, Indiana continued to conduct missions in the waters offshore into June.   The following month, it moved north with the carriers to mount a series of attacks, including shore bombardments, on the Japanese mainland.   It was engaged in these activities when hostilities ended on August 15. Final Actions Arriving in Tokyo Bay on September 5, three days after the Japanese formally surrendered aboard USS Missouri (BB-63), Indiana briefly served as a transfer point for liberated Allied prisoners of war.   Departing for the US on ten days later, the battleship touched at Pearl Harbor before proceeding on to San Francisco.   Arriving on September 29, Indiana underwent minor repairs before proceeding north to Puget Sound.   Placed in the Pacific Reserve Fleet in 1946, Indiana was formally decommissioned on September 11, 1947.   Remaining at Puget Sound, the battleship was sold for scrap on September 6, 1963.         Ã‚      Selected Sources DANFS: USS Indiana (BB-58)NHHC: USS IndianaMaritimeQuest: USS Indiana (BB-58)

Define what is meant by industrialization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Define what is meant by industrialization - Essay Example This could be denoted as sustained economic expansion based on division of labor, factory production, deliberation of industries and people in certain geographical regions, and urbanization. For example, industrialization is at a time when a nation produces infrastructure that can assist industry (Kiely 4). This is wide and can be the construction of rails, roads, airports or industries/factories. Historically, the industrialization procedure involves the development of the secondary subdivision in an economy at first dominated by primary-sector practices (Kiely 4). Industrialization has a huge influence on several aspects of a certain nation and/ or urban (Kiely 4). It generally gives jobs for population and therefore augments the economy, but with the fresh technology of current universe industrialization also refers to new technology which substitutes the people that used to be in charge for a given occupation (Sutton 1-2). The policies of periphery and core have converged about industry for overseas export got from the Caribbean. All the way through the CBI (Caribbean Basin Initiative), America has tried to stimulate manufacturing venture in and exports from Caribbean region (Sutton 1-2). To accomplish this, the US has provided manufacturers situated in Caribbean Basin nations special entrance to its markets. Development is normally acknowledged as a complex multifaceted procedure of political, social, environmental, economic and cultural transformation that results in boosts in the well-being of citizens and widens their rights and options in the current without compromising the capacities of future populations to enjoy these advantages (Sutton 1-2). In the Caribbean the social, economic, and political entities of growth have held centre phase in the previous fifty years. Characteristically they have been and are provided in

Leadership Among Senior Managers in an Organization Research Paper

Leadership Among Senior Managers in an Organization - Research Paper Example The research will be conducted at Sky Digital which is a digital satellite broadcaster for the UK. They have 8.1 million customers and are still growing. The broadcasting industry is going through a very competitive phase, and it becomes necessary that staff in senior positions stay achievement oriented and focus on personal growth. This is essential because it impacts company performance.   The research question examines the level of existing need for achievement and personal growth among 900 senior managers in the cancellation department of Sky Digital. For the purpose of this study 100 randomly selected managers will be surveyed. 1. A one on one interview will be conducted with 100 randomly selected senior managers of the cancellation department for open-ended questions. For closed-ended questions, the response sheet will be left with the manager and anonymity will be maintained. The selection of managers will be based on simple random/probability sampling method. The lottery me thod will be used. A list of all senior managers in the cancellation department will be obtained from the HR department and every 3rd manager will be selected for the survey. 2. As and when data is collected, the responses to the survey will be updated in an excel spreadsheet. To survey the achievement needs of senior managers, a questionnaire is prepared, adapted from the achievement motivation scale published by W.W.Norton and Company (n.d.). A question is formulated for each attribute critical to need for achievement, to ascertain whether a manager manifests the need for achievement. The questionnaire has mostly close-ended questions but also includes open-ended questions to help analyse the organization’s role in supporting these managerial attitudes. Since senior managers give direction to the company and are responsible for motivating their subordinates, it is necessary that they exhibit a high level of need for achievement and personal growth. This is the reason for th e project proposed.