Behavioral Theory

Question: Examine about the Behavioral Theory. Answer: Presentation: Paper article Selected: according to the Law firm the sharing economy will prompt a sensational impact on working environment conditions Ryan, P. (2016).Sharing economy will have emotional impact on working environment conditions. [online] ABC News. Accessible at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-08-04/sharing-economy-exploring rise-will-be-basic for-australia/7690598 [Accessed 20 Aug. 2016]. The progressions that are going to come in the professional the advanced disturbance that is going to come because of the sharing of the economy will influence the state of the work environment. The interest for progressively adaptable work courses of action and contracting will likewise occur. These plans will prompt difficulties that the two businesses and workers will confront. With the expansion of robotization and man-made consciousness, the organization will see a sensational change and that can be taken as laborers misuse (Ryan, 2016). To make an agreeable air in the work environment and to look after it, the social hypothesis of the board can be applied. To apply this administration hypothesis, the director of the association needs to all the more likely comprehend the human part of the workers and treat them as significant resources for the association. With the expanded utilization of man-made reasoning and mechanization, the laborers may have the questions in their brain in regards to their future in the organization which will influence the efficiency of the organization in light of the fact that the laborers won't be giving their hundred percent to the organization (Peterson, 2015). It turns into the supervisors obligation to lead them so that the representatives should feel their significance in the organization. This will eventually help in accomplishing the objectives of the organization, as laborers will at that point give their hundred percent to the organization (Argote, 2015). It is suggested that instructional meeting for the representatives ought to be arranged. This will cause the workers to get comfortable with the new innovative and conservative changes that will occur in the organization, and furthermore comprehend their duties that they are relied upon to satisfy to achieve the organization objectives (Schermerhorn, 2013). References Argote, L. (2015). A Behavioral Theory of the Firm: An Attractive Organizational Theory.Journal of Management Inquiry, 24(3), pp.321-321. Peterson, R. (2015). BeyondA Behavioral Theory.Negotiation Journal, 31(4), pp.505-508. Ryan, P. (2016).Sharing economy will have sensational impact on working environment conditions. [online] ABC News. Accessible at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-08-04/sharing-economy-exploring rise-will-be-basic for-australia/7690598 [Accessed 20 Aug. 2016]. Schermerhorn, J. (2013).Management. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Sons.

Role Of Jaques in Shakespeares As You Like It :: Shakespeare As You Like It Essays

Job Of Jaques in As You Like It   The basically sound passionate insight of Rosalind and Orlando and their reasonableness for one another rise up out of their different experiences with Jaques (in certain versions Jacques), the despairing ex-subject who is a piece of Duke Senior's troupe in the timberland. Both Rosalind and Orlando take a moment aversion to Jaques (which is shared). What's more, in that hate we are welcome to see something essentially directly about both of them.   For Jaques is, as a result, something contrary to everything Rosalind represents. He is an irritable skeptic, who likes to take a gander at life and draw from it poetical considerations at the by and large unacceptable nature of the world. He is, one might say, an underlying Hamlet-like figure (the examination is much of the time made), somebody with no rousing sensual euphoria, who makes up for his deficiency by attempting to drag everything down to the degree of his vacant feelings and by verbalizing finally in poetical pictures. He invests heavily in what he calls his own one of a kind brand of despairing which can drain the delight out of life as a weasel drains the protein out of an egg (an intriguing picture of the demolition of new living potential), and he invests his energy floundering in it. His own social want is by all accounts to discover another person to flounder in a similar enthusiastic mud as he does. In any case, the spirits of different characters, particularly of Rosalind and Orlando, are excessively crucial and imaginative to react well to Jaques' endeavors to chop life down to accommodate his constrained mind-sets.   That judgment no uncertainty sounds very cruel. Furthermore, maybe it is, for Jaques is a moderately innocuous individual, who hoodwinks nobody (nor does he attempt to), and his poetical reflections, as Hamlet's, are regularly enticing. Yet, we ought not let the acclaim of a portion of his expressions (especially the popular Seven Ages of Man discourse in 2.7, an as often as possible anthologized bit of purported Shakespearean shrewdness) cover the way that his way to deal with life is completely negative. He sees no an incentive in something besides pointing out the world's inadequacies. He doesn't perceive in the association, music, and love surrounding him any countervailing temperances.

Empirical Literature on Asthma Care

Exact Literature on Asthma Care This brief basically considers the observational writing on asthma care. Accentuation is on UK examines despite the fact that examination from the USA (and different nations) is additionally thought of. It is contended that both natural and hereditary variables are involved in asthma beginning, in view of epidemiological proof. Shortfalls in care arrangement endure: these holes in care might be inferable from a wide scope of modifiable components, including unacceptable wellbeing proficient (GP, medical attendants) input, restricted utilization of care plans, and patient ignorance. Generally, in any case, indisputable derivations about asthma care arrangement are hampered by: A dominance of review/correlational investigations, and a scarcity of randomized control preliminaries, which show causality; A scarcity of research on specific holes in asthma care; Inability to represent third-factor arbitrator impacts. The Office for National Statistics (2004) distributes far reaching insights on asthma-related mortality, horribleness, treatment, and care, crumbled by segment classes. Information is gathered from the General Practice Research Database (GPRD). Issues tended to incorporate mortality, commonness, time patterns, patients counseling general practice, occurrence of intense asthma, and medical clinic inpatient confirmations. Research proposes that human services suppliers regularly neglect to concede to the exact standards for diagnosing asthma, regardless of whether gentle or serious (for example Buford, 2005). Serious asthma is frequently characterized dependent on aspiratory work estimations, for example, constrained expiratory volume in 1 second, and hospitalization. In any case, neither of these pointers dependably predicts asthma seriousness (Eisner et al, 2005). Eisner et al (2005) assessed the viability of a strategy for recognizing a partner of grown-ups with extreme asthma dependent on ongoing admissions to an emergency unit for asthma. 400 grown-ups with serious asthma selected at seventeen Northern Carolina clinics were reviewed. A benchmark group of patients hospitalized without ICU unit affirmation was likewise selected. The examination analyzed whether admission to an ICU unit is in itself a solid marker of asthma seriousness. Asthma patients with an ongoing ICU confirmation produced higher asthma scores (in light of the recurrence of current asthma manifestations, utilization of steroids and different prescriptions, and history of hospitalisations/intubations), and more unfortunate personal satisfaction, were bound to have been hospitalized, visited an asthma pro in the past a year, been in an asthma-related crisis office, and got breathed in corticosteroids in the previous year. Information investigation controlled key foundation factors (for example segment factors), expanding trust in the unwavering quality of the discoveries. Be that as it may, this investigation depended on semi exploratory structure and consequently might be frustrated by examining predisposition. Patterns in yearly paces of essential consideration counsels, mortality, and clinic visits/affirmations were checked for kids under 5 years and 5-multi year olds. For youngsters matured For 5-multi year olds, week by week general practice visits rose in the mid 1990s (around 70/100,000 of every 1990), indicated a fluctuating example through the mid 1990s, however has declined consistently since 1997 (around 50/100,000 by 2000). The quantity of patients treated yearly for asthma has risen gradually however consistently, in spite of the fact that this expansion appeared to level out by the mid/late1990s. Both death rates have dropped consistently since the mid 1990s, from around 14 million of every 1990 to around 2 million by 2000. Yearly medical clinic affirmations has additionally fallen consistently, from just shy of 30/10,000 out of 1990 to around 15/10,000 by 2000. These examples propose an expansion in self-administration (for example activity designs) that hinders the need to visit a general practice, and that asthma care by and large is having the ideal impact on mortality. The pervasiveness of wheezing and asthma in youngsters has commonly expanded during the most recent 40 years. Despite the fact that there is a lack of solid national measurements, information is accessible from explicit pieces of the UK, strikingly Leicester, Sheffield, and Aberdeen (see Figure 1). The pervasiveness of wheezing expanded from 12% (1990) to 26% (1998) in Leicester, and from 17% (1991) to 19% (1999) in Sheffield. The predominance of asthma indicated a comparable example in the two urban areas, ascending from 11% (1990) to 18% (1998) in Leicester, and from 18% (1991) to 30% (1999) in Sheffield. Wheezing occurrence rates for Aberdeen expanded from 10% (1964), to 20% (1989), 25% (1994), and 28% (1991). Information from national birth associates recommends a sharp increment in the normal week by week GP counsels for feed fever/unfavorably susceptible rhinitis from 1991 to 1992. The rates increased from around 13/100,000 (0-multi year olds) and 40/100,000 (5-14 years olds) in 1991 to around 25/100,000 (0-multi year olds) and 76/100,000 (5-multi year olds) as 1992 drew nearer. Patterns in this way dropped off marginally yet then began to show an expansion again around 1998. Constantly 2000 the figures were around 20/100,000 (0-multi year olds), and 56/100,000 (5-multi year olds). Information from a broadly delegate test of schools the nation over recommends that the pervasiveness of asthma was genuinely even across various locales. Be that as it may, Data for England proposes a higher predominance outside huge urban areas. The best extents of wheezing was found in the South West, while the most noteworthy extent of asthma cases was found in East Anglia and Oxford (see Figure 2). In an ongoing Annual Report, Asthma UK (2003/2004) noticed that one kid in 10 has asthma and a kid is admitted to emergency clinic like clockwork because of an asthma assault. More than 600 duplicates of Asthma in the Under Fives are downloaded from the UK Asthma site month to month and on normal each study hall in the UK has at any rate 3 youngsters with asthma. The effect of intense asthma can be crippling. Around 5.2 million individuals in Britain are by and by being treated for asthma, and asthma avoidance/care costs the NHS on normal nearly  £900 (for example  £889) million every year. GPs the nation over treat more than 14,000 new scenes of asthma every week, and UK Asthma met right around 25,000 solicitations for wellbeing advancement records and different materials. About 40% of laborers who have asthma locate that working really intensifies their asthma, and 1 out of 5 asthmatic individuals feel prohibited from regions of the work environment in which individuals smoke. Over 12.7 million working days in the UK are lost because of asthma, and it is assessed that the yearly expense of asthma to the economy is  £2.3 billion. Asthma UK likewise expresses that 82% of individuals who are asthmatic locate that inactive smoking triggers their asthma, and 19% of individuals with asthma demonstrate that their ailment makes it hard for them to play with kids in their family. One out of 3 youngsters has had their standard day by day exercises upset because of asthma and 39% of asthmatic individuals are seriously influenced by traffic vapor (which stop them working out). Around 500,000 individuals have asthma that is hard to control. In 2003/2004 more than 90 analysts chipped away at Asthma UK-supported undertakings and, Asthma UK burned through  £2.5 million on asthma-related research. The gathering financed/is subsidizing 63 research ventures. These measurements illustrate asthma pervasiveness, occurrence, and the consequences for people’s lives. Various epidemiological examinations have been distributed that address the etiology of asthma in populace gatherings (International Archives of Allergy Immunology, 2000; Kitch et al, 2000; Schweigert et al, 2000; Tan, 2001; Court et al, 2002; Smyth, 2002; Weissman, 2002; Tan et al, 2003; Wenzel, 2003; Gibson Powell, 2004; Barnes, 2005; Pinto Almeida, 2005). Barnes (2005) considered proof on the job of hereditary factors in protection from atopic asthma, Studies which center around the job of hereditary factors in protection from tropical/parasitic illnesses (for example jungle fever) cover with hereditary affiliations found for asthma. It was presumed that hereditary elements may be embroiled in the advancement of unfavorably susceptible ailments. Pregnancy is thought to expand the likelihood of asthma assaults in about 4% of every single pregnant lady. Beckmann (2006) evaluated eighteen pregnant ladies with asthma. The investigation depended on a longitudinal structure. Members were enlisted from neighborhood pre-birth centers and private endeavors, and selected during the principal trimester. Patients kept a day by day log recording top expiratory stream information until conveyance. Three pinnacle stream evaluations were recorded after which the best worth was gone into the log. Asthma was analyzed by a wellbeing proficient. Members were additionally required to record asthma manifestations, intensifications, meds, and cigarette use. To build investment, subjects were reminded by phone to finish their log. Information investigation demonstrated that top expiratory stream (PEF) was variable as a component of specific trimesters. Pinnacle wind current was most noteworthy during the subsequent trimester, with a measurably solid distinction between the second and third trimester. Tragically, the little example size restricts the generalisability of the discoveries. In any case, the investigation depended on a longitudinal plan, permitting conditional causal deductions. Schweigert et al (2000) explored the writing on the job of mechanical compounds in word related asthma and sensitivity. Proteins utilized by cleanser fabricating organizations (for example amylases, cellulases) are toxicologically kindhearted, with mellow bothering consequences for the body. Nonetheless, these proteins do influenced asthma and sensitivity. Therefore, the industry is required to stick to introduction rules for these chemicals. Kitch et al (2000) considered writing on the histopathology recently beginning of asthma (for example beginning in adulthood), and whether hypersensitive introduction and affectability have a similar effect on asthma advancement in adulthood as they do in kids. Epidemiological investigations propose that the commonness of asthma in more established grown-ups matured 65years or more is somewhere in the range of 4% and 8%. The sickness gives off an impression of being

Miss America- Heather Whitestone Essay Example

Miss America-Heather Whitestone Paper At the point when she was 5 years of age, she started to do artful dance exercises. Her mom needed her to comprehend that theres characteristic beat in the voice. The vacillations of artful dance music and development helped her grip that. With her ability and broad preparing, Heather was adequate to turn into an expert artist. Be that as it may, the expert artist gets pitiful checks and would need to live with her mom. She needed to be Independent. At the following expo, Miss Jacksonville State University, she was forthright about being hard of hearing. She requested that the Judges talk gradually and they suited her. She won the 1 992 Miss Jacksonville State University title and proceeded to be first sprinter up to Miss Alabama 1 992, Kim Wimpier. The next year she won the MISS Point Mallard rivalry and by and by, set first sprinter up to Miss Alabama, Sally Chapman. After she became Miss America, she demonstrated a lot of devotion to the Deaf Community by serving on the official board for the Presidents Committee on Employment of People with Disabilities. She built up a mixed media open assistance crusade to help distinguish early hearing misfortune. She was likewise a representative for the Helen Keller Eye Research Foundation and the Starkey Hearing Aid Foundation. Presently, she is hitched to a person named John McCollum. We will compose a custom paper test on Miss America-Heather Whitestone explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Miss America-Heather Whitestone explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Miss America-Heather Whitestone explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer She met him while he was working for the Speaker of the House, Newt Ignoring in Washington DC and they dint begin dating intensely until a month after she surrendered her title, and afterward not long after that they got ready for marriage. They got hitched on June, eighth, 1996. They have now had two young men and are living in Georgia. I think Heather Whetstone is an incredible motivation to the world since she certainly indicated everybody that a hard of hearing individual can talk, can accomplish and can do anything. That is the reason I respected her so much, since it gives me that any hard of hearing individual including me can achieve anything.

Expository essay examples

Expository Essay Examples and Ideas for College The Rise of Teenage Gangs and Negative Consequences They Have Teenagers constantly look for the place they belong. Isn’t it everyone’s dream to belong to a certain group of people, to find like-minded individuals and feel accepted? Unfortunately, a vast majority of teenagers take a wrong turn and get lost on their path to acceptance. It is not uncommon for them to join teen gangs feeling like their members understand them, but that is far from the truth. The rise of teenage gangs is a major problem nowadays. But, how serious this problem really is? Consequences of gang membership can scar a person for life in several ways. Youth, teenage, or juvenile gang is defined as an organized group of adolescents and/or young adults who rely on group intimidation and violence to commit criminal acts with the purpose to gain power, recognition, and control. The rise of teenage gangs is perfectly explained in a study published in the Journal of Adolescent Health wherein researchers discovered there were 1,059,000 youth gang members in the United States in 2010. Moreover, on a yearly basis 401,000 juveniles join gangs. The primary reason why this staggering number of gang members goes unnoticed is due to the fact that they may not conform to popular perceptions of teen gang demographics. Another potential reason why the total number of gangs and gang members keeps increasing is because a great majority of crimes they commit usually goes unreported. As a result, government officials find it difficult to gather exact data about this growing issue. Youth gang members primarily focus on their peers, bully them, and force them to say nothing in order to avoid harsher consequences. When discussing the issue of youth crime groups, one must wonder how one decides to join them. Risk factors that enhance a teenager’s odds of joining a gang include drug or alcohol abuse, negative influences, peer pressure, a strong desire for recognition and belonging, lack of parental supervision, and limited attachment to the community. Most adults do not take this problem seriously enough and, usually, consider it as just another phase teenagers go through. However, the American Journal of Public Health published a research showing that gang membership in the adolescence has severe consequences in adulthood, long after a person leaves the gang. Besides higher likelihood of criminal activities, people who were gang members in the adolescence also experienced financial issues and were in poor health in adulthood. Edusson can write your paper. Our core features: 100% Private 24/7 Support Timely delivery Order Now While most teenagers have a strong urge to feel accepted by their peers, others seek the solace and comfort or escape from their difficult family life in gangs. Although the current data shows the staggering number of gang members it is assumed the problem could be even more severe as most of them do not fit into the gang demographics and many crimes are not reported. Finally, there is a growing need for the entire society to take necessary measures and work on this issue. If not, the consequences could be far more severe. Gang Membership Between Ages 5 and 17 Years in the United States Pyrooz, David C. et al. Journal of Adolescent Health, Volume 56 , Issue 4 , 414 – 419 Long-Term Consequences of Adolescent Gang Membership for Adult Functioning Amanda B. Gilman, Karl G. Hill, and J. David Hawkins American Journal of Public Health 2014 104, 5, 938-945

Andrew Jackson Military Career and Presidency - Free Essay Example

Andrew Jackson had many accomplishments throughout his life. He was successful both before he was elected as well as during the presidency. Jackson had a career in military, law, politics, and then became president. Many of his successes influenced the way the United States is today. Before Jacksons life as president of the United States he served in the army to fight against the British in the Revolutionary War. After the Revolutionary War Jackson was appointed colonel of the Tennessee Militia and then major general leading the troops in the War of 1812. He successfully led the United States forces in the Creek War against the Native Americans. The natives that were fought against were supported by the British therefore the war of 1812 was considered a war between the United States and Great Britain. Andrew Jackson led his troops to victory in 1814 effectively ending the Creek war. Before the presidency, as major general, Jackson led troops to fight in his most famous contribution to the War of 1812. After the Creek War Jackson marched his troops and fought in The Battle of New Orleans. He marched with his 5,000 soldiers and and fought against an invading British force of 7,500 soldiers. During the war he vowed to protect his men and earned the respect of his troops. Jackson handed a crushing defeat to the British at the Battle of New Orleans. The Battle of New Orleans was the greatest defeat and the last major battle of the War of 1812. Andrew Jackson was president of the United states from 1829 until 1837. He had many accomplishments in that time frame of which he led the country. One of his biggest accomplishments was being the main founder of the modern democratic party. Jackson was the first democratic president of the United states. Due to Jacksons political movements and dedication the party is the oldest party in the world and remains as one of the two major parties. He is credited for spreading political power which was a vital movement in American democracy. Jackson also played a huge role in all males being granted the right to vote. Before Jackson became president the only people allowed to vote were white male property owners or taxpayers. Jacksons democracy led to the changing in favor of granting the right to vote to all white males. By the 1850s the requirements to own property and pay taxes to vote were dropped. Due to the changes started by Jackson there was a better representation of poor people voting in the United States. Another accomplishment of President Andrew Jackson was also resolving the nullification crisis. During the presidency of John Quincy Adams, the Tariff of 1828 was passed, southerners believed that it benefited northern industrialists at the expense of southern farmers. Jackson signed into the law but it could not appease all southern states. It escalated to a major crisis with the threat of secession from South Carolina. Jackson signed both a bill to authorize the use of military force as well as compromise to reduce the rates following southerners objections. The crisis was resolved by the Compromise and there was no need for military force. South Carolina met and rescinded its nullification ordinance. In conclusion, Andrew Jackson was very successful throughout his life. He had many accomplishments before his presidency as well as during it. Before his presidency he had major accomplishments involving his lead in the military. During the presidency his accomplishments include the formation of the modern democracy, all males being able to vote and resolving the nullification crisis to keep the country together. All of these accomplishments had major influences in modern America.

Race and Culture in the Literary Work of Wendy Chang and...

Race and culture, constantly interrelated, have long been key components of everyday life and social order in society. With many various cultures and races slowly churning into a large melting pot, there are still many limitations to which particular races have inherited constant discrimination and marginalization. In a country that pride’s itself of liberty and justice for all, there remain instances of discrimination that are faced by individuals that don’t fit the â€Å"model minority†. Legal and cultural borders have been erected and have forced some in and many out of the American ideal. Wendy Chang and Junot Diaz’s work delineate the ways in which race and culture play a role in assessing and shaping American identity through the development of a hybrid culture, the institution of homeownership and the ultimately the practice of polyculturalism. In attempts to solidify a sole American entity, there are various cultural and legal boundaries that individuals face on an everyday basis, particularly post-colonial immigrants. In Junot Diaz’ The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao, Oscar de Leon’s disconnection from the society around him is continuously portrayed. Born and raised in New Jersey to Dominican parents, Oscar De Leon’s experience is an example of how cultural borders play a role in everyday life. Oscar struggles to reconcile into the American culture, and also fails at blending into the Dominican culture he inherited from his immediate family. Oscar instills a sense

The Western Philosophical Tradition By Friedrich Nietzsche

Would you approach a visually impaired person and suggest they aren’t correctly viewing the world? In other words, who has the authority to say the grass is not orange and the sky is not pink? The Western Philosophical tradition was a practitioner of dogmatism, it assumed their beliefs to be true and everyone else’s to be false. The Western philosophical tradition placed itself on a pedestal, believing they were the sole center of things; it is arrogant and it did not work in efforts of benefiting the common good. The Western Philosophical Tradition deemed themselves with the authority to say the grass is in fact green and the sky was in fact blue. However, Friedrich Nietzsche, a German philosopher, challenges the Western Philosophical Tradition and their imperialistic ways. Nietzsche proposes the Western philosophical Tradition to be arrogant. He says humans are â€Å"remote† emphasizing the lack of importance humans claim they have. Nietzsche situates the sco pe and significance of the human intellect on a cosmological scale. He says humans put themselves at the center of things and deem their views to be just and true, however, to a dog, these views would be false; Dogs would not see green grass or a blue sky because they see colors on a different spectrum than humans. Nietzsche believes not one view on the world is the correct view, and those who think otherwise are blinded by a â€Å"fog of arrogance†. He is challenging the Western Philosophical Tradition’s intellect and saysShow MoreRelatedShakespeares King Lear vs. Tuesdays with Morrie1495 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Existentialism was in part a reaction to modernism, but its roots can be traced to ancient philosophical traditions ranging from Zoroastrianism and Judaism, Buddhism and Platonism (Flynn). The essence of existentialism is authenticity of experience, asking the philosopher to undergo deep introspection. However, existentialism is perhaps most famous for its probing questions about what Friedrich Nietzsche called the tension of the soul, (2). Known colloquially as existential angst, the tensionRead More Business Ethics Essay1522 Words   |  7 PagesEthics has been studied since ancient times. In the oldest of the Indian writings, ethics is an integral aspect of philosophical and religious speculation about the nature of reality. These writings date from about 1500 BC. They have been described as â€Å"the oldest philosophical literature in the world, and what they say about how people ought to live may therefore be the first philosophical ethics† (Everson 5). In ancient China, he humane teaching of Confucius and his followers, the peaceful wisdom ofRead MoreThe Radical Thinkers Of The 18th And 19th Centuries1602 Words   |  7 Pagescenturies who captured the â€Å"zeitgeist† of their era contributed to shaping Western Civilization ideals, many of these radical thinkers were condemned during their lifetimes for their unorthodox views. Around the 17th century, Western European society began to adapt to a new method of thinking known as rationalism, which focused on proving beliefs with rational sources such as data and reasoning instead of faith and tradition. While William Paley was one of the first highly influential rationalist thinkersRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1167 Words   |  5 Pagesvery nature of good and evil-what do these valuations entail, and how do they apply to the real world? How can we explain their actions? Nietzsche’s account of moral norms It is here that the philosophical thought of Friedrich Nietzsche becomes relevant. In his book On the Genealogy of Morals, Nietzsche investigates the origin of human morality, justice, and valuations of good and evil. His central thesis: the first normative notions of good and bad arose in pre-Socratic Greece. Some men seizedRead MoreReligious Philosophies and the Meaning of Life1701 Words   |  7 Pagesthat it Western society was far too focused on substance rather than understanding that it is the search for actualization or the process as opposed to the destination that provides the true meaning of life (Camus, 1942). Still others, Friedrich Nietzsche, for instance, found that it was suffering in its literal sense, or the process of undergoing, that defined the meaning of life. This was the ultimate search for freedom and actualization intellectual and emotional satisfaction (Nietzsche, 2004)Read MorePlato s Theory Of The Forms1704 Words   |  7 Pageslearning in the Western world. He is known to be one of the best writers in the Western literary tradition and one of the most influential authors in the development of Western philosophy even today. Plato worked alongside his teacher, Socrates, and his student, Aristotle, laying the groundwork for Western philosophy and science through their collective work. Plato has also been considered one of the founders of western religion, especially Christianity, which Friedrich Nietzsche called â€Å"PlatonismRead MoreThe Political Philosophy of Karl Raimund Popper1139 Words   |  5 Pagesauthoritarian political systems and their philosophical foundations. This critique popper claimed was a response to the fantastic and futuristic assertions of these systems, which were simply an admixture of subjectively reasoned and uncritical thought about politics. Popper considered authoritarian and totalitarian systems to be based upon one sided thought, which marred the objectivity of reason in thought in the critical spirit of classical liberalism and its tradition of plurality in social life, theRead MorePhilosophy of Ethics Essay2233 Words   |  9 PagesThe word â€Å"ethics† comes from Greek ethikas meaning character. Today, we use ethics to describe the normative standard of behavior . The history of philosophical ethics has been broken up into five rational methods: Virtue, Traditional, Modern, and Post-Modern Ethics. Within these periods, the philosophy of ethics changed along with the changes being made within society. The first rational method is Virtue Ethics. The major philosophers during this period were materialists such as Plato, AristotleRead MorePolytheism2057 Words   |  9 PagesPolytheism Reproduced, with permission, from THE FUTURIST, Published by the World Future Society, 7910 Woodmont Avenue, Suite 450, Bethesda, Maryland 20814 Toward the end of the nineteenth century, the German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche wrote a fictional account of a madman who went about the town proclaiming that God is dead. Nietzsches story is illustrative of a wave of atheism that spread through the intellectual circles of Europe in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuriesRead MoreAristotle Was a Greek Philosopher and Polymath2568 Words   |  11 Pagesmusic, logic, rhetoric, linguistics, politics, government, ethics, biology, and zoology. Together with Plato and Socrates (Platos teacher), Aristotle is one of the most important founding figures in Western philosophy. Aristotles writings were the first to create a comprehensive system of Western philosophy, encompassing morality, aesthetics, logic, science, politics, and metaphysics. Aristotles views on the physical sciences profoundly shaped medieval scholarship, and their influence extended

Is Data Breaching A Cyber Security Essay - 1682 Words

In today’s society, data breaching has become extremely common within the corporate world especially considering the advances that are constantly being made in technology. Data breaching is an incident that occurs where a company or corporation is being hacked by an attacker illegally, ultimately exposing confidential information the company holds into the hands of the hacker. This confidential information could be anything from credit card numbers to social security numbers, which is very dangerous if exposed to the wrong people wanting to obtain this information. If information such as a credit card number is exposed to a hacker, the hacker can use this number to use the credit card and purchase items illegally. Likewise, if a hacker were to find someone’s social security number, they could commit identity theft and this is very dangerous as well. It is crucial for large credit companies like Chase and Citi bank to have highly skilled cyber security teams in order to protect from any hackers and information breaches at all times. People that try to hack into a companies confidential data most commonly attempt to do so by hacking into the companies network. If the breach is successful, a company has to take new security measures and cut off all credit cards numbers so no one can use the information and as a result can cause plenty of confusion and wreak havoc within the company. The negative outcome of a successful data breach could cost a company’s reputation as well asShow MoreRelatedEssay On Data Breaching834 Words   |  4 Pagesthat there was an act of data breaching involved in the IRS Data Retrieval Tool (Daitch 2017). This tool is used when college students are attentively trying to complete a Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). Not until March 2017, is when federal officials observed what was actually going on and took down the tool. In this case of data breaching, it was said that identity thieves pulled personal i nformation outside of the tax system to steal additional data (2017). It’s already a headacheRead MoreCyber Attack And Cyber Attacks Essay1656 Words   |  7 Pageslike a terror attack and this is the cyber-attack and threats. Cyber-attacks can be responsible for large mass destructions by making all systems connected to cyber networks fail to work (Rhodes 20). An example is the Morris worm that affected the world cyber infrastructures and caused them to slow down to a position of being impractical. Therefore, as a result of these cyber-attacks resources are being established and designed to help counter the attacks. Cyber threat simulation is one of the resourcesRead MoreEquifax Breach And The Breaching Of The Democratic Party During The 2016 Presidential Election1446 Words   |  6 Pages The issue of strong cybersecurity efforts in the United States has been especially topical in 2017, and on the rise over the last few years. The Equifax breach and the breaching of the Democratic Party during the 2016 Presidential Election are recent examples that are bringing up the conversation of cybersecurity and make citizens curious of whether or not the United States government has plans in place to deter these events from happening. People are already worried about the damages these attacksRead MoreInformation Security Breaches And Attacks949 Words   |  4 PagesInformation security breaches and attacks are aiming businesses every now and then. Any company that is connected to the internet has some information security risks. Businesses that operation in healthcare, finance and any government sectors, suffers from more of such information security risks as they collect, store and process sensitive personal, financial and confidential data. ABC Accounting Firm is a major na tional accounting firm that is utilizing the power of information technology. The companyRead MoreEssay on Cyber Crime and National Security1000 Words   |  4 PagesEssay on Cyber Crime And National Security When we talk about national security, we talk about the security of over one billion people and sovereignty of a country that is culturally rich, politically stable, socially compact and economically emerging. The worst victim of terrorism and naxalism India and its national security has been threatened recently by cyber crime. They concept of cyber crime is not radically different from the concept of conventional crime. Cyber crime is the latest andRead MoreCyber Security And Cyber Threats Essay1510 Words   |  7 Pageshas been confronting issues of cyber-attacks to such an extent that majority of the patients feel every moment that they are at great risk and thus their treatment processes suffer a lot.(Hacking Healthcare IT in 2016) The small sized clinics do not have many resources to enhance their information security systems. Even the large sized enterprises are vulnerable to the cyber threats. The White House had declared that it would increase opportunities to tackle the cyber threats in every sphere, but theRead MoreThe Data Breach At Opm1297 Words   |  6 PagesThe Data Breach at OPM The research paper will take an in-depth view of the current cyber threat and will explore the current efforts taken by the United States in combating the rapidly growing cyber threat. The research conducted will revolve around recent piece of legislation that are said to be the answer to combating cyber-crime. This paper will also look at past efforts and explore their failure and compare with the new piece of legislation to see if it will actually be effective. ThereRead MoreSecurity Threats That Affect Small Medium Enterprises ( Smes ) Essay1747 Words   |  7 Pages Scenario 1 This report will discuss security threats that affect Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs), as well as countermeasures and defenses that can be utilised in order to mitigate the ramifications of such threats. Threats to businesses and organisations can catagorised into both internal and external security, with some overlap; the defences against external threats, and the protocols and principals to prevent internal threats will be discussed later in this report. It can be safely inferredRead MoreThe Revolutionary Rise Of Technology1192 Words   |  5 Pagescreating, acquiring, handling, stockpiling and sharing more data every day. Worryingly, a number of potential risks accompany our dependence on technology with cybersecurity representing the biggest challenge. Cybersecurity threats can present themselves in many different forms and have provided a wake up call to organizations across the globe. Years of complacency from high-profile executives with regards to the possibility of a cyber attack have lead to a prioritizing push to defend the both personalRead MoreEssay on The Main Function of Cyber Security1068 Words   |  5 Pagesvulnerability to cyber-attacks such as security breaches. Cyber security, also known as information technology security, is information security as applied to computers and computer networks. It is designed to protect networks, programs, computers and data from attacks. These attacks can lead to damages or unauthorized access to data. Computer security also includes protection from unplanned events and natural disasters. Cyber security main function is to guard computers, networks, programs and data from unintended

The Inaugural Speech By John Fitzgerald Kennedy Essay

On January 20, 1961, under the witness of two thousand people who gathered on the east front of the Capitol, John Fitzgerald Kennedy took the oath of office to become the United State’s 35th president. He then delivered an inaugural speech which is considered one of the greatest speeches in the 20th century. In the speech, Kennedy called on all Americans to commit themselves to service and sacrifice to make a peace future for the US and the rest of the world. By using various rhetorical devices and words and building of American pride, the emotional appeals remain strong throughout his entire speech. Also, his also utilize logos effectively to compel his audiences by means of adopting references in past and analyzing current situation. In addition, he established his credibility (ethos) by stressing the importance of God to himself and the future of the United States. Moreover, the speech itself is a fitting response due to its timing when the relationship between the Soviet U nion and the western world exacerbated. In the same breath, the speech satisfied its audience by expecting a peace future of the world. Kennedy’s use of pathos is the most represented appeal in his speech. From the beginning of the speech, he referred his victory of winning the election is also a â€Å"celebration of freedom†, since it is â€Å"symbolizing an end, as well as a beginning---signifying renewal, as well as change.† In the next paragraph, he said â€Å"Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well orShow MoreRelatedLeslie Cardoso. Leslie Cardoso. Ap English 3. P.3.1082 Words   |  5 PagesLeslie Cardoso Leslie Cardoso Ap English 3 p.3   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The JFK Inaugural Address On January 20, 1961, John Fitzgerald Kennedy delivered one of America s few standout inaugural addresses and one of the finest speeches in American history. By invoking the American dream and extending its promise to the rest of the world, Kennedy s speech was an inspirational call to action that resonates even today. John Fitzgerald Kennedy’s Inaugural Address, The article â€Å"Inside Kennedy’s Inauguration, 50 Years on†Read MoreJohn F. Kennedy Inaugural Address1099 Words   |  5 Pagesbrighter than one of our own presidents. It was January 20, 1962 when John Fitzgerald Kennedy took stage to be the thirty-fifth president of the United States. Written by Kennedy in late November of 1960, his inauguration speech goes to explain the various changes of the world as Kennedy campaigned to â€Å"get the country moving again.† His speech begins to address the differences of the generations as he wants to â€Å"pass the torch.† Kennedy expresses vario us ways of getting people together which he basesRead MorePublic Service: John F. Kennedys Inaugural Address1219 Words   |  5 PagesPresident John F. Kennedy’s Inaugural Address is considered one of the greatest speeches in history and one of the shortest Inaugural Addresses at just 15 minutes. He attempts to build up America’s pride and calls the nation to support their country. He describes these goals using a variety of rhetorical devices to increase public reaction. His short but powerful speech gives comfort to an American public fearful of war. John Fitzgerald Kennedy was born May 29, 1917, into a new wealthy CatholicRead MoreJohn F. Kennedys Inaugural Address1049 Words   |  5 PagesJohn F. Kennedy’s Inaugural Address Ceremonial speeches are given to mark ceremonial events and help a society move beyond their differences. John F. Kennedy gave a ceremonial speech, his inaugural address, on January 20th, 1961, marking one of the most historic speeches in time. In John F. Kennedy’s Inaugural Address speech, that is being evaluated today, the author uses social cohesion as a call for the nation to give back to the country, as we should do of course, and to ask, and expect lessRead MorePresident John F. Kennedy and His Inaugural Address Essay1067 Words   |  5 Pageswill forever be a day that marks a special moment in time in which President John Fitzgerald Kennedy delivered one of the most memorable speeches in American History. His Inaugural address is one in which many famous quotes come from and one that is emulated in present speeches. In order to understand the importance of this inoculation one must understand the atmosphere of our nation at that time and what President Kennedy was try ing to get across to his constituents. In this essay I will give youRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of John F. Kennedys Speech746 Words   |  3 Pages John Fitzgerald Kennedy was born on May 29, 1917, in Brookline, Massachusetts. As a young man Kennedy rapidly climbed the political latter by initially representing a working class Boston district in the United States Congress, then escalated to the House of Representatives, followed by the United States Senate, and ending with the victorious defeat of his presidential opponent, to become the 35th president of the United States of America. According to theatlantic.com, Kennedy was so wellRead MoreMicroscopic Look At Jfk s Inaugural Address982 Words   |  4 PagesLook at JFK’s Inaugural Address The 1960’s was a time when the world was facing the Cold War and America was facing the Civil Rights Movement. On January 20, 1961, at the age of 43, John Fitzgerald Kennedy was sworn into office as the 35th President of the United States. As the youngest president of the United States, Kennedy needed to prove to the American citizens that he was a great leader and that they did the right thing to elect him. (History.com) The night before JFK’s inaugural it snowed soRead MoreDreams of John F. Kennedy700 Words   |  3 PagesInaugural Address: The Dreams of John F. Kennedy John Fitzgerald Kennedy; even today 50 years after his death, his name still inspires Americans and others around the globe. President Kennedy was elected in 1960; this was the start of a new decade and a new generation and was a time of great change in our nation. Kennedy was the youngest U.S. president in our history and when sworn into office spoke his Inaugural Address. His Inaugural speech addresses many problems faced by Americans and many otherRead MoreRhetorical Devices In President John F. Kennedys 1961 Inaugural Address935 Words   |  4 PagesIn the legendary words of President John Fitzgerald Kennedy, â€Å"Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.† Though the quote may appear simple, its rhetoric makes it one of the most memorable components of his speech’s message. Kennedy conveys that, in partnership with the audience, he will advance the American people and people abroad. President Kennedy’s 1961 Inaugural A ddress included several rhetorical devices are utilized to create effects within the audienceRead MorePresident John F. Kennedy Inaugural Address1532 Words   |  7 Pages20, 1961 John F. Kennedy. What do all these dates and names have in common is a question you may ask. One is that each name is of one of the many presidents of the United States. Two is the dates are the dates of each ones Inaugural address. The first ever Inaugural address was done April 30, 1789 by none other than the United States first president George Washington. Many have heard and Inaugural address but just in case you happen not to know what one is an Inaugural address is a speech given during

Kafka on the Shore free essay sample

Commentary on Kafka On The Shore Childhood is an important part in each and every one of our lives. It has a huge impact on our character, personality and even sociability as we grow up. Some of us who come from good, stable family backgrounds would have pleasant memories from our childhood while some others who faced the cruelty of life at a young age would hate to even think of their childhood. In this excerpt from Kafka on The Shore by Haruki Murakami, the author writes about a 15-year old Kafka’s childhood. It shows the kind of relationship the boy shared with his father and his personality.I will be writing about how language is used in this excerpt to tell us about the boy and his childhood. The author uses imagery in this excerpt. For example he says ‘My sister’s looking off to one side so half her face is in shadow’. We will write a custom essay sample on Kafka on the Shore or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This gives a mysterious feel to the sister and tells us that she probably was a significant figure to the boy. Furthermore he writes, ‘hers a floral-print one-piece, mine a baggy old blue trunks’. The author describes the sister such that she seems better dressed and better looking than Kafka.It suggests that he looks up to his sister and thinks highly of her. It also shows the love that he has for his sister as he decides to take that picture along with him. He also mentions that he is ‘staring straight ahead, undaunted’ in the picture. He then asks himself ‘how could I have looked so happy’ referring to the same picture. By considering him to be happy in the picture; it shows the extent of unhappiness he has with his family and life at the moment. Kafka started planning for his run away from home since his junior high years.He took steps in order to prepare for it by practicing judo and training in the gym from that time itself. This shows how clear he was about his decision to run away from home. He knew exactly what he wanted to do and was very certain about it and also worked towards it. Thus Kafka is an emotionally strong person. Despite having family problems at such a young age, he did not go into depression but rather took action to fight against it. In the ninth paragraph, Kafka says that he barely talks to anyone, ‘other than the bare minimum required to get by at school-I barely talk to anyone’.This shows his preference to be in solitude. It could be due to the fact that he grew up alone with his father and didn’t spend much time with his father either. He also says that he didn’t join any school teams. This is to avoid attention from others and to keep a low-profile. His preference to have a low profile could be due to low self-esteem and a lack of confidence. The excerpt tells us that he takes an old gold lighter when he leaves home because ‘I like the design and feel of it’.This shows that he takes comfort and even reassurance in an object, which he can trust no matter what as it couldn’t hurt him emotionally. It reflects the insecurity in the boy. Kafka also says, ‘I’ve built a wall around me, never letting anybody inside and trying not to venture out myself’. This further is proof to show his preference to be left alone and by not letting anyone become close to him also the insecurity that he has. He is afraid that if he lets anyone through his wall, he would only get hurt and be let down by them. Since young he grew up alone dealing with the separation of his mother and father. This could have lead to his insecurity along with all the other hardships he went through. In conclusion, from the excerpt u can tell that Kafka is a matured 15-year old that has gone through emotional hardships due to the lack of attention from his dad and separated family. He is insecure and prefers to be left alone, like how he grew up alone without a proper family. You can also conclude that he and his father do not get along well with each other.

from Review and study guide

from Review and study guide- biomed Question Answer What are four main tissue types and how does structure lead to function? How does the structure of epithelial tissue lend this form of tissue to its function? why does muscle tissue have the ability to do that other tissue types do not? What are the three types of muscle tissues? How do the structures and functions of the three types of tissues vary? What type of tissue is bone classified as? what primary function of this tissue type pertains to bone? why do you think the pelvis is often the first bone forensic anthropologists look to in determining sex from skeletal remains? The developmental occurrences you used to determine age stopped at age 25. what are other clues a forensic anthropologist may be able to use to determine age if the bones belong to a person over age 25? What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative data/evidence? what purpose does each form of data play in establishing identity? what key bones would forensic anthropologists use to establish a probable ethnic background? What skeletal features of this bone are key to identifying ethnicity? which type of bone and what are the specific bones that are best for height/stature determination? why is it best to have two or more bones for height calculations? what is the structure and function of DNA? What factor(s) determine the speed by which DNA fragments will move through an electrophoresis gel? What are restriction enzymes and how are the names of restriction enzymes derived? why would it be important to use more than one restriction enzyme when performing an RFLP analysis? In terms of positive and negative poles, describe the direction DNA fragments would move through an electrophoresis gel chamber and explain why? In reference to the use of restriction enzymes, describe the terms stickily ends and blunt ends. What is PCR?Define its role in DNA analysis? Briefly describe the three phases in the PCR process. what characteristics of electrophoresis gels make them useful in separating fragments of DNA? What are the two main subdivisions of the nervous system and what areas of the body make up these two subdivisions? how do the two main subdivisions of the nervous system work together to control the body? what are the main regions of the brain and the functions relating to each region? what is the basic structure and function of the neuron? How do the different types of neurons work together to send and receive signals? describe directional pathways and types of neurons involved. How are electrical signals crated and transmitted in the human body. describe the roles of ions in creating electrical impulses in the human body. what is a hormone? how to hormones interact with target cells? how do feedback loops help regulate the action of hormones? explain how the body decreases blood glucose levels if they are too high/ too low? explain how the body decreases thyroid hormone levels if they are too high? too low? how does a hormone imbalance lead to disease? give three specific examples. how is light focused by the eye? how do the eye and brain work together to process what we see? how does the eye perceive depth, color and optical illusions? What are the functions of the digestive system? how does the structure of each organ in the digestive system relate to its function? describe the main functions of the human digestive system. list major organs of the digestive system in order. next to each structure/organ, identify its function as one or more of the following: chemically digest food, mechanically digest food, absorb water and nutrients, and/or remove wastes. How do enzymes assist the process of digestion? which enzymes digest carbohydrates, fats, and proteins? Identify the sites along the digestive tract that each macromolecules is broken down. where is the energy located in the ATP molecule? what is the equation for the breakdown of ATP and the release of energy? describe alveoli and bronchioles.what happens in these structures? why are the vessels of the cardiovascular system wrapped multiple times around the bronchioles and alveoli? are there both arterial and venous capillaries around each alveolar sac? use the principles of diffusion to explain why oxygen molecules in the tissues of the lung go into the blood, and then in other tissues the oxygen molecules leave the blood. what are the main structures of the urinary system? what is the function of each of these structures? the bladder is composed of transitional epithelium, how does the structure of this tissue help with the function of the bladder? what are the main structures of the kidney? what is the function of each structure? in which sections of section of the kidney is the urine formed? what section of the kidney collects the urine? how does the urine move from the kidney out of the body? in which main regions of the kidney are the glomerulus and the Bowmans capsule located? in which main regions of the kidney are the collecting ducts and the loop of Henle located? explain the process of filtration, re absorption and secretion. which direction is the filtrate moving in each process? where does filtration, re absorption and secretion happen in the nephron? what is GFR? What is the purpose of re absorption in the nephron? in what direction are substances moving during the process of secretion? explain what these substances are and why they are excreted from the body.

Strategic approach to global events

Strategy is a major approach towards ensuring the success of any venture which takes place. It is worth noting that strategy exists where there are activities which need to be achieved and conquered. This implies that the world in which we live in requires approaches which ensure that the events which come up in the course of life are realized. There are global events which require strategy.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic approach to global events specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In this case, these global events are embraced by many nations because they mostly have a positive impact to the nations in which they are hosted. In addition, they enable the participants to enjoy the new environment in which they are hosted. It is however worth noting that the economic benefits of hosting major events are not clear cut. For instance, hosting the Olympics, the soccer world cup and European championships gener ate economic benefits to the host cities and as a result there are massive competitions between nations and cities to host these events. Given our present state of knowledge of the economic importance of major sports events, it seems that the global demand of cities to host them exceeds the supply of economically significant events. Any single city therefore will struggle to devise an economic development strategy based on sport solely on the basis of sports events. This essentially leads to what we have mentioned in this paper as strategy. This paper is a briefing that covers the issues surrounding Olympics event which took place in the Beijing city of China in 2008. Olympics is a global event that is held after every four years at predefined destinations around the world. This event is associated with opening up of economic opportunities for the host country. Hosting such an event opens market opportunities for different organizations. History of the Olympics No other sporting eve nt in the last 100 years has had the widespread effects of the Olympic Games. Along with providing a venture for the finest athletes from a variety of sports, the games provide opportunities for spectators to enjoy international competition in virtually every world nation. Through the years, nationalism developed in the Olympics as every nation took pride in its athletes and created heroes for youth to emulate.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Modern Olympic Games started with the 1896 games in Athens, and they have taken place every four years since then, with some gaps due to world wars. Madrid is one of the four candidate cities currently bidding for to host the 2016 edition of the Olympic Games. The ancient Olympics were founded as a festival to honour the king of Greek gods, Zeus. The games were held every four years for more than 1,000 years, from 776BC to 393, AD. Only Greeks were allowed to compete, although athletes from Greek colonies in countries that are now Spain, Italy, Libya, Egypt, Ukraine, and Turkey gave the Olympics an international flavour. The last games were held in 393 AD, after which the Christian Emperor of Rome, Theodosius I, banned pagan worship. The Olympic Games are one of the enduring contributions of Greek civilization. In addition to fostering a strong belief in the value of athletics, the games produced notable works of art, music, and culture and celebrated individual achievement. Those characteristics sparked the rebirth of the Olympics not more than a thousand years later, in 1986. The games began again in Athens, with just 14 countries competing in sports: track and field, cycling, fencing, gymnastics, wrestling, swimming, weightlifting, tennis, and shooting. These modern Olympic Games have continued through political conflicts, world wars, and the passing of generations. The modern Olympic Games were revived by Baro n Pierre de Coubertin, a French educator. His vision was to replicate worldwide the positive effects of the original Greek Olympics founded in Athens. According to the Olympic charter, â€Å"Olympicism is a philosophy of life, exalting and combining in a balanced whole the qualities of the body, will, and mind. As these games take shape, they blend sport with a cultural touch.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic approach to global events specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This creates a way of life which is based on the joy which is founded and established in efforts put in place by the athletes and the host cities. Consequently, this gives the educational value which is used as an example and respect for the universal and fundamental ethical principles. Effects of the Olympic Games The games profoundly affect their host city, the media who cover the contests, and the athletes who compete. This effect is fe lt in the years leading to the competition, and in many cases it lasts for years afterward. Most Olympic competitors devote their early years to development and training in the hope of some day qualifying for the Olympics. Once they finalize their dream, it becomes the defining factor in their life and sets the path for the years ahead. Many trade on their Olympic success as they move on to other professions. Host city Cities from around the world compete furiously to host the Olympic Games because of the potential prestige and financial benefits they offer. Sport venues are created or refurbished and endure once the Olympics end, used by athletes from the host country. Yet the costs of hosting can be daunting. In spite of the huge financial risks, the race for potential host cities has only heated up. Leading contenders for the 2012 summer Olympics were Paris, London, New York, and Moscow, and the city of London was awarded to host the event. For instance Beijing underwent rigorous vetting and presented their plans to the international Olympic committee boasting of their assets and the benefits of awarding the bid to them in the build up to these games. The city of Beijing worked towards establishing a serene city. This was achieved by sprucing up the city, removing decaying slums, and constructing new high rise buildings. Traffic and transportation are always the concern with so many people concentrated in one city during the games that new roads need to be built, transit system refurbished, and travel capacity expanded. New stadiums and athletic facilities are required for every Olympic Games. The host city begins by assessing the current facilities that are suitable and then constructs needed arenas, pools, and so on. The funding becomes complicated as various groups pitch in money in return for use or ownership of the facility long after the games end.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Beijing 2008 Olympics significantly affected the long term economic of the city and state. These Olympic legacies can be grouped into three categories: 1.The creation of world class facilities 2.The national and international recognition of the city through extensive media exposure. 3.Community benefits such as local volunteerism, job creation and training, youth programs, and funding for community development projects. It was in July 13, 2001, and the people of Beijing, china anxiously waited to hear the results. The election being held on this day could leave a unique legacy to the country of china and especially the city of Beijing. This was an important day since the 112th International Olympic Committee session which was being held in Moscow, Russia was to conclude and state which city was going to host the 2008 summer Olympic Games. Eventually, the city of Beijing was honoured to host the games and this meant that they had seven years to prepare. Essentially, when the IOC chooses a host city, there are many factors to consider which include the city’s history of terrorism, environmental concerns, and recent locations of the games. Hosting the Olympic Games is a great honour for a city and country; however it is also a very expensive business. Host cities need to prepare for the games; which is why the host city is chosen seven years before the Olympics they are to host. The city of Beijing had immense work to do in order to ensure that it had placed itself strategically for the vent. A careful plan which was prepared estimated that the planners needed over 5,000 tons of vegetables to feed everyone during the games. In addition, water was a big concern for this drought prone city. Essentially, the city needed approximately 3.89 billion cubic meters of water in 2008. There were 650 star – rated hotels and 4,000 common hotels to accommodate up to 500,000 visitors but homes and increasing its security in anticipation of the games. In order to keep the city safe, there was need to deploy about 20,000 policemen and 10,000 professional security staff for the event. One of the biggest challenges that the organizers had to deal with was the stadium. That is the stadium where the opening and the closing ceremonies as well as the track and field events would be held. The Beijing developed a national stadium which was later known as the â€Å"Bird’s Nest† which was located on the Olympic Green next to Beijing National Aquatics Centre. This design was arrived at after the Chinese government hosted a design competition in 2002 and awarded the design to architects Herzog and deMeuron with ArupSport and China Architecture Design and Research Group. Work commenced on March, 2004. The stadium which was developed could seat as many as 91,000 spectators during the games and is 330 meters long, 220 meters wide and 69.2 meters high. Built with 36 kilometres of unwrapped steel, the stadium cost over 423 million U.S dollars . PEST Analysis Performing a PEST analysis on the event involves analyzing all the Political, Environmental, Social and Technological factors for purposes of strategic management. Political factors Political factors play a great role in the success of this event. Since it is a global event, the interaction between citizens from different countries is inevitable. If there is political tension between a hosting country and any of the participating countries, many followers of the event may avoid travelling to the hosting country for fear of their safety. For example, political differences between many nations disrupted the occurrence of this event between 1938 and 1950. As a result, the event’s mission suffered a major setback. Therefore, the existence of a favourable political atmosphere between the event’s hosting country and the participating nations is vital for the success of this event. Environmental factors The environmental factors include the surrounding conditi ons for example weather and climate. The weather conditions that surround this event are those of the hosting nation. Because of differing weather conditions in different countries, moving to the hosting country for this event presented many weather related problems. In some extreme cases people avoided travelling to China because of the fear for harsh weather conditions. This negatively impacted on the event’s mission. It is therefore important that the stakeholders give environmental factors a serious consideration before choosing a location for this event. Social factors Social factors usually entail the cultural aspects of a population. These may include race attribute, articulations about health, distribution of age and gender. The Beijing based Olympic event only attracted people in their prime age. Therefore the target group for this event is people in this age bracket. About gender, it is evident that World Cup attracts more males than females. The strategies employed to attract people should therefore put these social factors into consideration. Technological factors These factors include various Olympic events got transmitted through television to interested parties at different parts of the world. This is an excellent aspect of technology that makes it possible for those who unable afford to travel to china to follow the main events at the comfort of their homes. Advancements in technology have also made it possible for people to book tickets and hotel accommodations online. This enhances customer satisfaction and an increase the chances of getting more customers.Through technology the mission of the event gets easily fulfilled. External Analysis External analysis of the event involves looking at the potential threats and opportunities that the event would face when aspiring to achieve its mission. Threats The successful occurrence of this event faced several threat factors. The first threat is political differences between participating coun tries. The presence of political differences among different nations increase the likelihood of the outbreak of war in the course of or before the event occurs. An example of the effect of politics on this event is the Second World War that brought the event to a dormant state between 1938 and 1950. During this period, the mission of this event was shattered because the political tension existing then could not allow it to occur. It is therefore worthy to mention that a detailed analysis of the political situation around the world is necessary before choosing that location for this event. The second threat is criminology. During this event most criminals take it as an opportunity to carry out their criminal activities. Those individuals who fall victim of these criminal activities may vow never to attend a similar event in future. As a result, the event would end up losing its popularity and this would only work against its mission. It is therefore important for the stakeholders to put in place security measures aimed at unmasking any planned criminal activity. The third threat to this event is competition from similar events which would result in divided attention consequently limiting the impact of the event on its potential customers and the economy at large. To avoid this, it is advisable that the major stake holders and those involved in planning for this event ensure that it does not coincide with any other similar or competing event. Opportunities Even though this event faced many threats it is important to consider the many opportunities that it faced externally. First, Millions of people struggle for the opportunity to witness a live coverage of the event while others opt to follow the same series of events through television. Therefore the impact of this event will be far reaching and it is an essential tool in carrying out what the mission statement says. Secondly, the event provides an opportunity for some Chinese business organizations to penetrat e new markets. Through sponsoring this activity, the sponsoring company gets the rights to freely advertise its products to the people attending the event. As a result, it will manage to expand its current customer base to a greater size and diversify its product variety through the inception of a new brand to the market during this period. Besides, it will increase its popularity beyond international boundaries. Consequently, the organization will have a competitive advantage over its rivals over a period that extends the whole event coverage period. The third opportunity lies in the impact of this event on the destination (China). Through china, the event gets the opportunity to popularize itself to the people of that country. Before this event is hosted in any country, adequate preparations in terms of infrastructural facilities are made. Some of the infrastructural facilities that underwent remarkable improvement are roads and play stadiums for example the Yankee stadium and the birds nest. Citizens from China benefitted greatly from this infrastructural advancement and back in their minds, they attributed them to the event. As a result they developed positive opinions about the event hence making it to technically promote itself. Recommendation of Strategic Approach for Future Improvement In order to give the most appropriate strategic approach for future development, Porter’s five-force model will come in handy. This model is essential in determining an organization’s position in relation to the impact of the forces described by Porter. According to porter, all organizations are affected by forces such as supplier power, buyer power, threat of new entrants, and threat of substitutes, buyer power and rivalry By using this five force matrix, a strategic manager is able to strategize on how to gain a competitive advantage over its rivals. Supplier power Since the application of this force is based on an industry that has suppliers of raw mater ials, another approach is applicable for the event under consideration. In the event’s case, the suppliers can be likened to sponsors of the event. Without suppliers, organizations would collapse. Similarly, without sponsors, the funding of the month old event would certainly be a difficult task. In order to ensure constant support every time the Olympic event is held the organizers of or stakeholders should endeavour to foster a good relationship with the potential sponsors. If this happens, then they would be certain that the event would always succeed in achieving its mission. Buyer power Like supplier power, buyer power would imply the people interested in attending or following the series of activities that underlie the start and completion of this event. The income generated comes from none other than the fans and viewers in various stadia for example Gold mountain stadium, Birds’ nest stadium and the Worker’s stadium among others. When their turnout is lo w, the revenue falls but when it is high, the revenue shoots up. Therefore the way the stake holders impress the fans through the event will always determine how much they generate or how many business opportunities they create for business organizations such as tourist hotels. Threat of New Entrants The threat of new entrant to the event comes in the form parallel events that may emerge and divert people’s attention from this event. The parallel events could be other sporting activities that threaten to fight for a share of attention from the event’s customer base. To overcome this threat, the event organizers and stakeholders should aspire to make this event their favourite. The reality on the ground, however, is that the world cup event does not face any threat of new entrants. Threat of Substitutes In the context of the event, a threat of substitutes refers to a new event that would emerge and take the place of this global event. Over the years, such threat has not been witnessed and it is unlikely that it may occur soon. Rivalry In the context of this global event, rivalry would refer to other events that seem to compete for attention from the event’s customer base. It would come from other sporting activities like rugby, athletics and football among others. Indeed, this event has many potential rivals. As a result, its organizers and stakeholders should put up measures that help to overcome this force. Conclusion The Olympic event played a major role in the creation of business opportunities and opportunities for enhancing its popularity. Through various advertisements in electronic media, the event promoted sales of products from its main sponsors for example Coca Cola. Holding this event also came with numerous benefits to the citizens of China. They benefited from improved or high quality road networks, high-class stadium facilities and high class hotel facilities among others. The influx of tourists both in the local and the inte rnational scale also generated foreign income whose time has already started. Locally made products got international recognition and this formed a new source of income. As a result, the economy of China got a major economic. Reference List Alan Tomlinson, CY 2006, National identity and global sports events: culture, politics, and spectacle in the Olympics and the football World Cup, SUNY Press, New York. Clark, G 2008, Local development benefits from staging global events, OECD Publishing, New York. Close, P, Askew, D Xu, X 2007 , The Beijing Olympiad: the political economy of a sporting mega-event, Taylor Francis, New York. Espy, R 1979, The politics of the Olympic Games,Volume 13, University of California Press, California. Girginov, V Parry, SJ 2005 , The Olympic games explained: a student guide to the evolution of the modern Olympic games, Routledge, New York. Goldblatt, JJ 2002, Special events: twenty-first century global event management, Wiley, New York. Goldblatt, JJ 200 7, Special events: the roots and wings of celebration, John Wiley and Sons, New York. Government, C 2008, 2008 Summer Olympics — Beijing, China, In the Hands of a Child, Beijing. Gregory, C 2008, Local development benefits from staging global events, OECD Publishing, New York. Hill, CR 1996, Olympic politics, Manchester University Press ND, Manchester. May, G May, MG 2010, Strategic Planning, Business Expert Press, London. McAndrew, M 2006, Historical dictionary of the Olympic movement, Scarecrow Press, London. Payne, M 2006, Olympic turnaround:how the Olympic Games stepped back from the brink of extinction to become the world’s best known brand, Greenwood Publishing Group, New York. Preuss, H 2004, The economics of staging the Olympics: a comparison of the Games, 1972-2008, Edward Elgar Publishing, Massachusetts. Price, ME 2008, Owning the Olympics: narratives of the new China, University of Michigan Press, Michigan. Rea, PJ Kerzner, H 1997, Strategic Planning: A Pr actical Guide, John Wiley and Sons, New York. Roald Bahr, LE 2009, Sports Injury Prevention, John Wiley and Sons, New York. Shaw, CA 2008, Five Ring Circus:Myths and Realities of the Olympic Games, New Society Publishers, London. Wout van Wezel, RJJ 2006 , Planning in intelligent systems: aspects, motivations, and methods, John Wiley and Sons, New York. Young, DC 2004, A brief history of the Olympic games, Wiley-Blackwell, New York. Young, K Wamsley, KB 2005 , Global Olympics: historical and sociological studies of the modern games, Elsevier JAI, London. This essay on Strategic approach to global events was written and submitted by user Jaylen Ochoa to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

International Political Economy Essay Topics

International Political Economy Essay TopicsThe topics for an international political economy essay must have a meaning to them. Many people want to know if what they write is right or wrong. In order to be clear, it is important to know what to write and why.Topic selection is a matter of preference. Some are natural, but others require more thought. It is okay to discuss your opinion. However, most subjects in this area are controversial.A topic chosen is not a requirement to complete the assignment. If you choose a subject, you have to do some research to be certain it is appropriate. There is no right or wrong answer for a topic, just as there is no right or wrong answer for a word puzzle. What makes a topic right or wrong is based on a variety of factors.Sometimes the main issue is corruption. If you feel it is important, you can research corruption in any country you desire. The United States has been very corrupt but there is no denying that the others have also been extremely corrupt. America's image has not changed in spite of those people who look at the world through a different perspective. Your essay must present the facts.Another consideration is government policy and how it affects the economy of the country. They are closely linked. Policies from the government affect all levels of business. If they are good, then businesses benefit. They are not always the same types of businesses.One thing to remember about the global political economy is that it is impossible to view it from a country or local perspective. The issues affecting another country will always affect the lives of those who live there. This means you cannot ignore another country completely.It is important information to include if you need to support your argument. The nature of your information can be determined by the topic you choose. Some topics are lengthy and others are short. Some topics are written as essays and others can be in articles.If you want to be prepared for all o f the international political economy essay topics you will come across, you need to research as much as possible. You will find many sources online that can help you with topics, but it is not enough to simply know the subject matter.

The Enlightenment essays

The Enlightenment essays The eighteenth centurys most exciting intellectual movement is called the Enlightenment. Its powerful dedication to reason and rational thought that until quite recently the era was sometimes characterized as the Age of Reason. The turn toward what became known by 1750 as the Enlightenment began in the late seventeenth century. Three factors were critically important in this new intellectual ferment. One, was a revulsion against monarchical and clerical absolutism and new freedom of publishing. Also, was the rise of a new public and secular culture. And not least, the impact of Scientific Revolution, particularly the excitement generated by Newtons Principia (1687). Newtons work seemed to prove that order and mathematically demonstrable laws were at work in the physical universe. Perhaps a similar order and rationality could be imposed on the social and political institutions. This ideal fired the imagination of the leaders of the Enlightenment, who gradually became known as philosophes, simply French for philosophers. But regardless of national origin, the name took hold for thinkers as diverse as the French writer Voltaire, the American scientist and statesman Benjamin Franklin, and the German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724-1804). The French philosophes were the most outspoken and most radical of the century, and to this day when thinking of the Enlightenment, France is the first to come to mind. Late in the eighteenth century, Kant gave the most succinct definition of the Enlightenment: bringing light into the dark corners of mind, dispelling ignorance, prejudice, and superstition. Kant went to the heart of one aspect of the Enlightenment: its insistence that each individual should reason independently, without recourse to the authority of schools, churches, or clergymen. Kant hoped that the call for self-education and critical thought would mea ...

A Project Report On Marketing Plan For Kudu is a Saudi Arabia

Kudu is a Saudi Arabia based restaurant chain with over 327 store outlets across the country (Kudu, 2017). The restaurant was established with the aim to offer a unique dining experience for the people of Saudi Arabia. The restaurant has a highly trained staff along with great infrastructure to maintain the standard of services in terms of quality, efficiency and reliability. The restaurant has received ISO and HACCP SQF recognition for its consistency of service standards (Kudu, 2017). The customers can watch their orders being processed and rest assured that the food is being prepared in a neat, clean and hygienic manner. The goal of the company is to â€Å"offer a unique dining experience to the customers through quality and fresh food of restaurant† (Kudu, 2017). The restaurant has excelled in its services by maintaining its service standard and procuring fresh and quality food ingredients on daily basis. Thus, the restaurant has developed a sustainable business model that would ensure the longevity of the business and assist to reach its goals. Kudu has strategically positioned itself as a restaurant that offers fresh food to its customers through its open kitchen tradition where customers can watch the preparation of the recipes being cooked and packed (Kudu, 2017). The restaurant has adopted various marketing strategies to promote its products in the market of Saudi Arabia. The restaurant has a dedicated website through which customers can access all the detailed information on Kudu related to its menu, products, stores, quality services and required details. The restaurant also displays its latest products and offers through its website. The customers can choose from a wide range of offers such as combo offers, meal offers and the festive offers that are being served during an occasion. The core focus of the company is quality, reliable and efficient services and it has been able to maintain it over a long period of time (Kudu, 2017).   The targeted customers of Kudu include men & women, students & executives, youth an d adults, friends & families, who can enjoy the delicious breakfasts, lunch and dinner at the restaurant (Kudu, 2017). Kudu may have been able to create a trust among the customers through its quality and reliable services, yet it needs to expand its market in order to grow its revenue and profitability. The restaurant targets diversified customers including men & women, students & executives, youth and adults, friends & families. The restaurant also offers home delivery to the customers to increase its reach ability and overall sales revenue. The restaurant has great opportunity to target offices in the country. Another identified opportunity for the restaurant is introducing meal campaign for the professionals and executives. The plan proposes to offer meal for the executives and professionals at their doorsteps during their lunch time. After studying the marketing strategies of Kudu, it was identified that the company has a great opportunity to target the market of corporate and professionals (Egan, 2007). The executives and professionals are busy people who do not have time to go out for their meals during lunch hours. Since Kudu has established its restaurant store outlets across the country that serves a diversified range of customers, therefore, it is not able to serve the needs of these busy professionals. In order to offer great services, a brand must take care the needs and wants of its customers (Luther, 2011). Thus, a marketing plan would be developed that would aim to target this group of people. Marketing mix element is one of the concepts of marketing that is being mostly used by the company to develop their marketing plan by analyzing product, price, promotion and place (Lamb, Hair and McDaniel, 2008). Product: The product comprises of two components that includes meal combo and doorstep services at the offices of the professionals. The meal would comprise of three components including one main course (burger/sandwich/rice beef), one drink (Coke/fanta/sprite) and any one out of salad/fries/sweet dish. The menu would be different for every day so that the customers do not get bored of eating the same food. Now the meal would be served during the lunch hours of the professionals at the doorstep of their offices so that they do not have to travel to the restaurant. This would save their order time and travelling time. Thus, the concept of innovation is being applied to create reliable, consistent and efficient services. Price: Pricing strategy depends upon the paying capacity of the consumers (Kubicki, 2015)). In this situation economy pricing strategy would be appropriate so that executives can easily avail this service (Schindler and Schindler, 2011). Since a large group of people would be availing this service, therefore, the cost of the product would also reduce and the economies of scale would be easily achieved. Promotion: In the changing business environment context, digital marketing has become a popular marketing strategy and is being commonly deployed by the companies. Kudu could also use this strategy to reach its target audience. Social media marketing, email marketing and search engine marketing are the most commonly used approaches for this marketing. In this scenario, Kudu could utilize email marketing tactics in order to reach a larger market share. Further, in order to attract larger number of audience, the restaurant could offer discounts and offers to the executives (McDonald, 2007). Place: Since the plan has proposed office delivery of meal orders for the executives, therefore, importance must be given to timely delivery of the services. The delay would cause trouble for the customers as their lunch hours are fixed and they cannot afford to waste their time. In order to implement the plan, the company must develop effective marketing strategies to attract the customers (Percy, 2008). The product has already been developed comprising of executive meal for the customers. Now communicating about this service to the target customer is an important aspect of the plan (Shimp, 2008). Email marketing is one of the most effective strategies that is used to directly reach the potential customers. The data of the potential customers could be collected through various methods. After the email ids have been collected, an appropriate email needs to be developed that highlights the core message of the campaign. Subject of Email: The subject of the email must be able to capture the attention of the user so that the reader is compelled to open the mail. The subject line would be â€Å"Enjoy your meal comfortably at your office†. This is more likely to attract the attention of the reader. Message Strategy: The image below effectively communicates the subject of the campaign. Introducing Executive Platter Services for Executives and Professional! Save Your Travelling Time and Order Placement Time By Subscribing To Our Services. Enjoy our Scrumptious Meal with varieties and flavors. For more details, contact Kudu Restaurant team: Phone: 966 (1) 419 – 1440, Email: info@kudu.com.sa Forecasting is an important element of a marketing plan that helps to project the future trends in the market. It assists to analyze the future market conditions and how would the market respond to the marketing campaign. The marketing plan targets the market segment of commercial office that are located in the centre region of Riyadh. Initially, the targeted offices include the region of Bahrain Tower, Commercial Business District and Olaya Towers so as to deliver effective services. The target group comprises of around one thousand customers and around 20% of them are likely to respond to the advertisement. Thus, the team must prepare to be able to serve to around two hundred customers. There are several methods to measure and control the marketing campaign and include the following: Egan, J. (2007). Marketing Communication. UK: Cengage Learning EMEA. Kubicki, M. (2015). The Marketing Mix:  Master the 4 Ps of marketing. US: 50 Minutes. Kudu. (2017). Heritage. Kudu. Available at: https://www.en.kudu.com.sa/heritage [Accessed Online 5 May 2017]. Lamb, C.W., Hair, J.F., and McDaniel, C. (2008). Essential of Marketing. Cengage Learning. Luther, W.M. (2011). The Marketing Plan:  How to Prepare and Implement it. New York: AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. McDonald, M. (2007). Marketing Plans:  How to Prepare Them, how to Use Them. US: Butterworth-Heinemann. Percy, L. (2008). Strategic Integrated Marketing Communication:  Theory and Practice. US: Routledge. Schindler, R.M., and Schindler, R. (2011). Pricing Strategies:  A Marketing Approach. California: SAGE. Shimp, T.A. (2008). Advertising Promotion and Other Aspects of Integrated Marketing Communications. US: Cengage Learning. Yeshin, T. (2012). Integrated Marketing Communications. US: Routledge.

Multi-Agency Working and Career Development in the Human Services Essay

Multi-Agency Working and Career Development in the Human Services - Essay Example Employees’ roles in organizations dealing with the above differ significantly. However, all that is required for employees is to assist individuals and communities faced with the above challenges function in the best way possible. In a human service organization that deals with the bettering of the lives of street children and orphans such as St. Michael’s orphanage, a social worker is expected to have the ability to evaluate the different challenges that face the patients in question. He should also show patience, understanding and, care when dealing with children since they all require specific attention since their backgrounds vary, and thus, is their problems. An employee in such an organization should have the ability to identify, analyze and select interventions that are appropriate in helping the organization attain its goals and also help the patients in finding a solution to their problems. This may include social assistance, guiding and counseling as well as encouragement. It requires an understanding of the organization values and goals, ethics of the human service and also the approval of the patients’ lifestyle (Renee, 2012, 4). The worker should be in a position to come up with an action plan, for an identified problem and also implement it. This, therefore, calls for the ability and knowledge to analyze problems, decisions and design work plans (Renee, 2012, p.4). The social worker should show high accountability and coordination abilities with other agencies and professionals in the delivering of services. Excellent communication and interpersonal skills is another quality that the social worker should not lack. The job calls for self discipline, timely management and self motivation to be able to carry out his/her role effectively and efficiently. Should also be ready to attend court hearings, thus knowledge on human rights and law is an added advantage (Renee, 2012, p.4). Nonetheless, the worker is

Cost Concepts and Their Application Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Cost Concepts and Their Application - Essay Example Examples are number of units of output and direct labour hours (Datar, Horngren, & Foster 1999, p. 27 - 58). Costs are classified so that data obtained from them will be useful to management. Costs can be classified (1) by the nature of the cost items, (2) with respect to the accounting period, (3) by their tendency to vary with the level of activity, (4) by their relation to the product (product costing), and (5) for analysis or decision making (Datar, Horngren, & Foster 1999, p. 27 - 58; The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology 2000). In a manufacturing concern, the two main types of cost items are manufacturing costs or factory costs and commercial expenses. Examples of manufacturing costs include direct material costs, direct labour costs, and factory overheads. Examples of commercial expenses include selling and distribution costs, administration costs, and financial costs. With respect to the accounting period, costs could be capital expenditure or revenue expenditure. Capital expenditure is intended to benefit future periods and classified as an asset. For example, the pur chase of fixed asset is a capital expenditure. Revenue expenditure benefits the current period and is classified as an expense. The distinction between capital expenditure and revenue expenditure is essential for proper matching of costs and revenues to accurately determine periodic profits. By their tendency to vary with the level of activity, costs could be classified as variable costs, fixed costs, semi-fixed costs or step costs, and semi-variable costs. Variable costs are costs that vary directly in proportion to change in activity or volume of a chosen cost object. Fixed costs are costs that do not change with changes in level of activity or output over a certain time period or relevant range. Relevant range is defined as the range of activity over which the amount of fixed expenses and rate of variability remain unchanged. This applies to all expenses, whether they are fixed, variable, or semi-variable. Semi-fixed costs or step costs are costs fixed over a certain range of out put but jump to a new level when the range is exceeded. Semi-variable costs show characteristics of both fixed and variable costs. A minimum of some expenses has to be maintained in order to maintain operational readiness. At this level of maintenance costs are fixed. Beyond this level costs become variable. By their relation to the product (product costing), costs can be divided into direct costs and indirect costs. Direct costs are costs that can be easily traced to the cost objects. Indirect costs are costs that cannot be easily traced to the cost objects. For the purpose of analysis and decision making, costs are classified into incremental costs, differential costs, sunk costs, avoidable costs, unavoidable costs, marginal, and opportunity costs. Incremental costs is the difference in totals between two alternatives or the addition cost of making a change, such as increasing the activity level or adding a new product line. Differential costs are costs that change in response to an action. Sunk costs are costs that have been incurred in the past and that cannot be changed. It is therefore irrelevant for decision making. Avoidable costs are costs that may be avoided if an activity is discontinued or if another alternative is adopted. Unavoidable costs are